Reptile Face Masks TEAM MEMBERS Katy Reed Team Leader Kristen Seashore Communicator Steven Skroch BWIG Janelle Anderson BSAC CLIENT ADVISOR Kurt Sladky MS DVM Professor Wally Block Steve Johnson MS PhD MD Presentation Outline Problem Statement Background Information Current Devices Competition Suggested Materials Design Constraints Problem Overview Alternative Designs Future Work Problem Statement Clients Corn Snake Kurt Sladky MS DVM Steve Johnson MS PhD MD 2 respiratory masks Corn snake Bearded dragon 2 ports Rigid plastic Air tight seal Comfortable Bearded Dragon Background Information Pneumotachograph Opioids and Reptiles Pain treatment Effects unknown Pain Breathing suppression Link to and opioid receptors Morphine sulfate oxymorphone Background Information Turtle Pneumotachograph Measurements Before and After Morphine Injection Current Devices Face mask glued on Intubation Cast mask glued on Competition Commercial anesthetic masks Previous designs from academic papers Design Constraints Corn Snake Bearded Dragon Air tight Noninvasive Lightweight Neck 10x9mm Head 13x9mm 34mm long Easy to use clean Neck 22x18mm Head 40x22mm 47mm long Spikes on side of head Strong brow ridge Problem Overview Need two face masks several options 1 Corn snake Full Head Design Nose Plug Design 2 Bearded dragon Full Head Design Nose Mask Design Nose Plug Design Design 1a Full Head Hollow plastic cylinder Port drilled in top Plexiglas with port Rubber cone with zip lock Design 1a Pros and Cons Pros Cons Bearded dragon spikes avoided Quick release system Minimally invasive Useable for both reptiles Heavy Dead space Time consuming placement Design 1b Full Head Hollow plastic cylinder Port drilled on top Plexiglas end with port Thin membrane with hole Design 1b Pros and Cons Pros Cons Fits behind reptile s head Minimally invasive Easy to use Heavy Dead space Membrane could tear Corn snake only Design 2 Nose Mask Plastic cap over lizard s nose Collar and bands secure mask Ports attached to front and bottom of mask Design 2 Pros and Cons Pros Cons Minimal dead space Low eye contact Lightweight Difficult to seal Bearded dragon only Design 3 Nose Plugs Corn Snake or Bearded Dragon Thin plastic tubes in nostrils Air input output junction Design 3 Pros and Cons Pros Cons Minimal dead space Lightweight Invasive uncomfortable Restricted air flow Securing nose plugs Seal mouth shut Future Work Secure snake head in mask Redesign bearded dragon airtight seal Construct restraining units for reptiles Design lighter versions of prototypes Create duplicates of final designs References 1 Andrade D Tattersall G Brito S Soncini R Branco L Glass M Abe A 2004 The ventilatory response to environmental hypercarbia in the South American rattlesnake Crotalus durissus J Comp Physiol B 174 281 291 2 Landberg T Mailhot J Brainerd E 2003 Lung ventilation during treadmill locomotion in a terrestrial turtle Terrapene Carolina Journal of Experimental Biology 206 3391 3404 3 Munns S Hartzler L Bennett A Hicks J 2004 Elevated intra abdominal pressure limits venous return during exercise in Varanus exanthematicus Journal of Experimental Biology 207 4111 4120 4 Glass M L Wood S C Johansen K 1978 The application of pneumotachography on small unrestrained animals Comp Biochem Physiol 59A 425 427 5 AnaesthesiaUK 2004 http www frca co uk images volume1 jpg 13 October 2005 6 My Neuro Lab 2003 http www frca co uk images volume1 jpg 6 October 2005 7 Paragon Medical Supply 2005 http www frca co uk images volume1 jpg 6 October 2005 8 Wester John Bioinstrumentation Wiley and Sons Inc 2004 pp 310 1 Pictures and drawings provided by Dr Kurt Sladky and Kristen Seashore Questions How a Pneumotachometer works Q is Air Flow R is Resistance to Air Flow P is the change in Pressure pressure drop due to Resistance Q P R Very similar to Ohm s Law V IR Semi permeable membrane Q R P Most pneumotachometers have a heating element to keep condensation from forming Reptile Pneumotachometers do not need this From Wester John Bioinstrumentation Wiley and Sons Inc 2004 pp 310 1
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