H_D 101 1nd Edition Exam # 2 Study Guide Lectures: 10 -16Book reading for this test: It is highly recommended that in addition to reviewing lectures, you also read chapters 4-8 in the human development book Lecture 10: Study question for this lecture:- What is the “rapid growth” phase? When does it occur? How much does the average childgrow every month during this phase?- What is the “growth slows” phase? When does it occur? - What is a growth spurt? In that phase (rapid, or slow) does it occur? - What are Epiphyses? How can they be used to determine if a child is still growing? - What is the growth trend Cephalo- caudal? What is the growth trend Proximal-distal? Do all people grow this way?- What is SIDS? What are the risk factors of a baby having SIDS? How can you prevent SIDS?- What Is the difference between growth and development? (there is a difference)- What happens during a regular well baby checkup? - How much does the brain weigh at birth compared to in adulthood (this it a percentage)? At two years old (another percentage) Key terms for this lecture: - Rapid growth - Growth slows - Growth spurts- Epiphyses - Cephalo- caudal - Proximal-distal - Immunization - Illness- SIDS- Growth - Development - Regular well baby check ups - Brain growth and nutritionLecture 11: Study questions for this lecture:- What are Neurons and Dendrites? How are they connected Where are they located in the human body?- What are Synapses? What do they do in the body? What do they increase the weight of?- What is Shaken baby syndrome? When does it occur? What are the developmental effects of the syndrome? - What is Head- sparing? Why is it important? - What does the left hemisphere of the brain control? What does the right hemisphere control? - What is brain plasticity? What skill can usually be recovered in the event of brain damage? - How much sleep do babies and toddlers need? Why are bedtime routines important? - When is bedwetting normal? What is Nocturnal enuresis and what percent of children have it? - What are 4 basic influences on early growth? - What are the benefits of breast milk?- When should you introduce regular food to a baby? What foods should you stay away from (6 foods), why should you stay away from them? How often do you introduce a new food to a baby?- What is imitation?- What are gross motor development skills? Fine motor skills? Use examples of each in thedefinition.- What is Non-logical failure to thrive? Why does it happen? Is there a biological reason? Key terms for this lecture: - Synapses - Brain plasticity - Shaken baby syndrome - Head- sparing - Lateralization of the cerebral cortex - Left Hemisphere - Right hemisphere - Sleep - Bedtime routine - Nightmares/sleepwalking - Bedwetting - Heredity - Nutrition- Malnutrition- Emotional well-being - Benefits of breast-feeding- Breast milk/ formula- Solid food - Honey, eggs, and peanuts - Regular food- Foods to avoid - Non-logical failure to thrive - Imitation - Gross-motor skills - Fine- motor skills - SequenceLecture 12:Study questions for this lecture: - What are motor development skills a joint product of? (4 things) - How does culture effect motor development skills?- What can babies in the 4-7 month phase hear? 6-8 months? 7-9 months? Give specific detail- What are the three milestones in face perception? What happens in the milestones? (0-1 month, 2-4 months, 5-12 months)- What happens in vision development during 2 months? 6 months? 7 months? Why does this development occur? - According to Piaget, what is a psychological structure? What parts of it change with age?- What is building scheme? What are the three parts of it? Give examples- How do children use assumptions and accommodations? What is the difference between equilibrium and disequilibrium? Key terms for this lecture:- Motor skills as a dynamic system- Cultural variation in motor development - Development in hearing - Improvements in vision - Milestones in face perception: - Piaget’s theory: schemes - Building schemes - Adaptation- Assumption- Accommodation- Using assumptions and accommodations Lecture 13:Study questions for this lecture: - What are sensorimotor skills (Piaget), and when do they occur? - What are primary and secondary circulatory reactions? How are they different from eachother? When does coordination of the secondary circulatory reactions occur? What happens during this time? - When do tertiary circulatory reactions occur? What happens during this time? - What is mental representation? When does it occur? Is it the shortest or longest period?- What is object permanence? What is A-not-B search error? How do these two concepts connect with each other?- What is deferred imitation? When did Piaget say it occurs? What does new research say about it? - What has recent research said about some of Piaget’s theories? (timing)- When evaluating sensorimotor skills, when was Piaget suggesting certain skills occur (3 skills)? What are certain skills that happen earlier than what Piaget suggested? (4 skills)- What is the core knowledge perspective? What are the four domains? - What improvements have been made on the information processing theory on areas such as attention, memory, and categorization? - What is Vygotsky’s sociocultural theory? What is the difference between scaffolding and guided participation? Is one better than the other? - When do first speech sounds occur (cooing, babbling)?- What is Underextension and overextension when talking about first words? - What is telegraphic speech? What are Holochrases? (two-word utterance)- What factors effect individual language development? Key terms for this lecture: - Sensorimotor skills - Sensorimotor subjects - Reflexive scheme - Primary circular reactions - Secondary circulatory reaction - Coordination of secondary circulatory reaction - Tertiary circulatory reaction - Mental representation- Object permanence- Mental representation - Deferred imitation - Evaluating sensorimotor stages - Core knowledge perspective- Information processing improvements: - Vygotsky’s sociocultural theory- Where learning occurs - Zone proximal development - First speech sounds - First