HIST 2112 1ST Edition Lecture 8 Outline of Last Lecture I.Mary “Yellin” LeaseII. McKinley TarifIII. Populist Partya. Omaha PlatformIV.Panic of 1893V.JP Morgan Bond SaleOutline of Current Lecture VI.1896, William Jennings BryanVII. Republicans nominate William McKinleyVIII. 1901, McKinley assassinatedIX. 1900s, Republicans running-mateX. Progressive EraXI. 1902, Northern Securities CaseXII. 1902, Anthracite Coal StrikeXIII. 1903, Elkins ActXIV. 1903, Bureau of CorporationsXV. 1906, Hepburn ActXVI. 1906, Meat Inspection ActXVII. Pure Food and Drug ActCurrent Lecture9/10/13: Progressive Era, Theodore Roosevelt’s Fight 1896, William Jennings Bryan: (ELC QUICK SUMMARY GUIDE ON BRYAN DEM. VS POP.)- Advocate of silver- Infamous speech: “Cross of Gold” Cannot persecute poor for gold- Boy orator of the Plat- Democrats nominate Bryan for presidentThese notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor’s lecture. GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes, not as a substitute. Insert 16:1 idea into platform- Populist also nominate Bryan for president- Thomas E. Watson Populist from Georgia Democrats “suggest” they would nominate Watson for Vice President However, Democrats lied They wanted a conservative representative for Vice President- Arthur Sewall Former banker from Maine Highly Opposed to silver; “Goldbug” Chosen as Democrat nominee for Vice President- Populist enforce Bryan, but when Democrats add Sewall to ballet they essentially become “spectators” of the 1896 election- Populist Vice President is Thomas E. Watson Republicans nominate William McKinley:- McKinley: promises to restore prosperity; “Goldbug”- Reads verbatim from speeches=dull- Stays home and has a “Front Porch Campaign”- People still came to hear him speak, even though Bryan travelled far to speak to people- McKinley promised “Full Dinner Pail- Wins election and is reelected in 1900 1901, McKinley assassinated:- Assassinated by Leon Czolgosz- Bestowed presidency to Vice President: Theodore Roosevelt 1900s, Republicans running-mate:- Theodore Roosevelt Active Reformer Police Commissioner of NYCo Dresses in drag for a prostitute sting for NY policemen Governor of NYC Advance model of a modern president Exposes corruption in own party- Conservatives wanted to destroy political career by making him Vice President (thought to be an job where you had no power) because he upheld his morals so vibrantly- Other Presidents (Harrison, Cleveland, McKinley) believed in laissez-faire (letting the economy fix itself; stepping back from problems)- Theodore introduces Progressive Era Progressive Era:- New approach to government doings: Look to government to regulate economy and society for the common good Correct wrongs and keep correct- “Bully Pulpit”: Referred to White House Meant platform from which to advocate an agenda Coined by Roosevelt- Roosevelt has diferent idea of conservatives: Changes need to be made or legitimacy of government is diminished in eyes of people No more idle policies- Roosevelt enforces Sherman Anti-Trust Act by going after big businesses 1902, Northern Securities Case:- Roosevelt goes after Rail Road monopolies- Pushes for prosecution under Sherman Anti-Trust Act- Dissolves company Northern Pacific Rail Road- Leverages public opinion instead of law 1902, Anthracite Coal Strike:- Government does not break up strike- Instead arbitrates it- Creates fair agreement between management and labor 1903, Elkins Act:- Roosevelt revives half-hearted acts- Outlaws rebates or under the table deals 1903, Bureau of Corporations:- Created to regulate corporate activity and stop monopolies- Government becomes involved in business (to control, not to destroy) Even though Roosevelt didn’t like populist, he implemented their ideas- Wanted to avoid Socialist movement by labor workers- Preserved fundamental system 1906, Hepburn Act:- Regulates Rail Roads- Empowers Interstate Commerce Commission (ICC)- ICC is not required to go to court anymore 1906, Meat Inspection Act:- Roosevelt didn’t like muckrakers Writers of exposé of corporations corruption Upton Sinclair – The Jungleo Most influential muckraker- Meat has no process accountability- Act created high health standards on meat packers - Government regulation makes smaller businesses obsolete because of the expense of regulations- Hurts monopoly competition Pure Food and Drug Act:- Required regulations and inspections- Same efect as meat industry on smaller business- Ex. White Ribbon Secret liquor