HIST 2112 1st Edition Lecture 2 Outline of Last LectureI. United States Presidential ElectionII. Lincoln’s 10% planIII. Wade-Davis BillOutline of Current LectureI. Reconstructing the South Current Lecture 1867: Tenure of Office Act- Act prohibits Johnson from removing cabinet officers without Senate’s consent- Enacted by Congress to protect Secretary of War Edwin Stanton, the solitary Radical Republican in Johnson’s cabinet- Goes against Congress and removes Stanton anyway 1868: Impeachment of Johnson- Accusation of misdemeanors and other crimes- Comes down to a single vote in House of Representatives- Remains in office, but loses all power- Tennessee is back in the Union 1866: Vetoes Freedman’s Bureau extension- Johnson vetoes a bill for the extension of the bureau that was a response to the repressive black codes- Johnson is not concerned with protecting freedman- Johnson cares more about poor white southerners 1868: Grant Elected - Replaces Johnson and is Commander in Chief of Union- Administration suffered by military presence- Gained support from black voters- Radicals hold power 1869: 15TH Amendment (1870)- “Race, color or previous condition of servitude”- Voting Rights Act of 1965 preclearance provision- States can still set voting requirements, but not on race- Still does not include women and Indians “FORTY ACRES AND A MULE”- Slogan for radicals and free slaves- Union intended to provide land to former slaves- Cruel expectation from the government- Quickly resented by Johnson- Idea never went anywhere; questioned property rights infringement- Slaves get only freedom out of reconstruction- No economic independence Carpetbaggers and Scalawags- Carpetbaggers: Northerners who came down for economic opportunities- Scalawags: white southerners who went radical- Exploited situation KU KLUX KLAN- Founded by Nathan Bedford Forrest, a general and former slave trader- Pursued violence to intimidate blacks and republicans from voting or running in elections Grant Scandals- Grantism: term for corruption- Persecuted everyone to fullest extent, except friends- Black Friday Panic (1869) Conspiracy by bankers Jim Frisk and Jay Gould to corner gold market Bought up as much gold to control price and indirectly drove the price up Controlled economic destiny of US Grant releases government’s gold reserve, which stopped Fisk andGould, but created economic instability by lowering the value of the dollar- Whisky Ring (1875) Diverted federal tax on whiskey Affected government revenue Panic of 1873- Republicans were blamed for the panic (or depression)- Germans no longer use silver Hits US silver industry and devalues silver- Government gives people land with intent for railroad companies Railroad bonds are being bought Banks overextend and collapse Railroads were not being built Jay Cooke and Company, largest bank in US, collapses Large bank collapses dependent smaller banks Bank failures, business collapses, unemployment Republican party is undermined 1874: Democrats regain control of
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