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UGA HIST 2112 - Reconstructing the South
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HIST 2112 1st Edition Lecture 2 Outline of Last LectureI. United States Presidential ElectionII. Lincoln’s 10% planIII. Wade-Davis BillOutline of Current LectureI. Reconstructing the South Current Lecture 1867: Tenure of Office Act- Act prohibits Johnson from removing cabinet officers without Senate’s consent- Enacted by Congress to protect Secretary of War Edwin Stanton, the solitary Radical Republican in Johnson’s cabinet- Goes against Congress and removes Stanton anyway 1868: Impeachment of Johnson- Accusation of misdemeanors and other crimes- Comes down to a single vote in House of Representatives- Remains in office, but loses all power- Tennessee is back in the Union 1866: Vetoes Freedman’s Bureau extension- Johnson vetoes a bill for the extension of the bureau that was a response to the repressive black codes- Johnson is not concerned with protecting freedman- Johnson cares more about poor white southerners 1868: Grant Elected - Replaces Johnson and is Commander in Chief of Union- Administration suffered by military presence- Gained support from black voters- Radicals hold power 1869: 15TH Amendment (1870)- “Race, color or previous condition of servitude”- Voting Rights Act of 1965 preclearance provision- States can still set voting requirements, but not on race- Still does not include women and Indians “FORTY ACRES AND A MULE”- Slogan for radicals and free slaves- Union intended to provide land to former slaves- Cruel expectation from the government- Quickly resented by Johnson- Idea never went anywhere; questioned property rights infringement- Slaves get only freedom out of reconstruction- No economic independence Carpetbaggers and Scalawags- Carpetbaggers: Northerners who came down for economic opportunities- Scalawags: white southerners who went radical- Exploited situation KU KLUX KLAN- Founded by Nathan Bedford Forrest, a general and former slave trader- Pursued violence to intimidate blacks and republicans from voting or running in elections Grant Scandals- Grantism: term for corruption- Persecuted everyone to fullest extent, except friends- Black Friday Panic (1869) Conspiracy by bankers Jim Frisk and Jay Gould to corner gold market Bought up as much gold to control price and indirectly drove the price up Controlled economic destiny of US Grant releases government’s gold reserve, which stopped Fisk andGould, but created economic instability by lowering the value of the dollar- Whisky Ring (1875) Diverted federal tax on whiskey Affected government revenue Panic of 1873- Republicans were blamed for the panic (or depression)- Germans no longer use silver Hits US silver industry and devalues silver- Government gives people land with intent for railroad companies Railroad bonds are being bought Banks overextend and collapse Railroads were not being built Jay Cooke and Company, largest bank in US, collapses Large bank collapses dependent smaller banks Bank failures, business collapses, unemployment Republican party is undermined 1874: Democrats regain control of


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UGA HIST 2112 - Reconstructing the South

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