NUTR 2030 2 25 15 Minerals Cont Calcium Chelators are binders of calcium phytates oxalates Common Supplemental Forms Calcium Carbonate in order for the body to digest calcium carbonate it is important to have good stomach acid content Calcium Citrate recommended for older individuals have to have more present to absorb the same amount of calcium as in calcium carbonate Calcium Lactate Calcium Gluconate It is recommended to take calcium supplements with food Calcium is best absorbed in doses of 500 mg or less at a time Calcium Functions 1 Bone Mineralization 99 found in bones and teeth Children and adolescents high in bone density Early adulthood age 30 peek bone mass 50 and older bone density decline 2 Blood clotting blood vessel dilation and contraction 3 Nerve and muscle conduction It is important to consume adequate calcium when you are young because once you hit your mid 20 s you cannot start building more bone mass on top of it You can build back what you ve lost but you cannot gain more on top of it Calcium Deficiency Inadequate intake impaired absorption excessive loss Individuals a risk vegetarians lactose intolerant post menopausal women Bone complications rickets and osteoporosis Muscle tetany Calcium Toxicity Calcification of soft tissue Constipation Phosphorus Food sources dairy whole grains legumes meat nuts seeds chocolate colas coffee tea Functions 1 Bone Mineralization forms complexes with calcium 2 Nucleotide Nucleoside Phosphates DNA RNA and energy storage transfers ATP and creatine phosphate Deficiency refeeding syndrome can go into cardiac or respiratory arrest Toxicity end stage renal disease if people with kidney disease are on dialysis Magnesium Food sources coffee tea chocolate nuts legumes leafy green vegetables whole grains Functions 1 Component of bone tissue 2 Muscle and nerve function Sodium Functions 1 Fluid balance primary extracellular cation excess consumption makes you thirsty 2 Muscle contraction 3 Nerve transmission and impulse conduction Salt and sodium are not the same thing Salt is 40 sodium and 60 chloride Main source of sodium in our diet is salt Shelf stable foods have a lot of sodium because it keeps bacteria from forming Adequate intake 1500 mg day Most Americans are consuming 4 to 8 times this amount People who should limit their sodium intake to 1500 mg day are People who are 51 years or older African Americans People with high blood pressure People with diabetes People with chronic kidney disease Tolerable upper intake level 2300 mg day most Americans are still consuming more approximately 6 8 grams
View Full Document
Unlocking...