NUTR 2030 2 11 15 Water Soluble Vitamins Intro to Vitamins Vitamine amines that are vital for life solubility can differ water soluble vs fat soluble essential to the human diet even in minute amounts deficiency attributed to multiple disease states Structure individual units that do not yield energy no calories water soluble vitamins Vitamin B complex and Vitamin C fat soluble vitamins Vitamins A D E K plant based products have a lot of water soluble vitamins animal based products including eggs and milk and nuts seeds olives avocados etc provide a lot of fat soluble vitamins organic can be destroyed by light heat oxygen Function support and regulate body functions and processes often by assisting enzymatic pathways Bioavailability amount absorbed and useable to body Precursors pro vitamins inactive forms converted to active form in the body Storage liver and fat body can convert to beta keretine into vitamin A Toxicity can occur especially from supplements The B Vitamins Primary role coenzymes in energy metabolism Also supports red blood cell formation B6 B12 Folate prevents anemia Common source whole grain products except Vitamin B12 added to refined grains fortification vs enrichment fortification adding a nutrient that was not original to the product during processing in order to increase the nutrient content enrichment adding nutrients that were removed during processing back into the final product to increase the nutrient content example of fortification oranges do not naturally contain calcium but in order to boost calcium intake in the American food supply calcium is now added to orange juice Thiamin Vitamin B1 Main function energy transformation primarily CHO metabolism Food sources meat especially pork and chicken legumes whole grains Thiamin Deficiency 1 Beriberi Who Elderly and congestive heart failure Why Decreased intake absorption and increased requirements What Weakness wasting and edema 2 Wernicke s Encephalopathy Korsakoff Syndrome Who Alcoholism and malnutrition fasting anorexia Why Decreased intake absorption and increased requirements What Eye movements muscle impairment amnesia psychosis
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