Terrorism Comparative Criminology study of crime and criminal justice on a cross national level Ethnocentrism holding a belief in the superiority of one s own social or ethnic group and culture Ethnocentrism and problems with data They are difficult to compare because Difference in the way a specific crime is defined Diverse crime reporting practices and Political and other influences on the reporting of statistics to international agencies Definitional differences create the biggest problem Ex Switzerland auto theft includes bicycle thefts personal transportation Ex Netherlands no category for robbery counts them as thefts Ex Japan assault that results in death is aggravated assault not homicide Reporting practices vary substantially between nations Interpol and the UN are the only international organizations that regularly collect crime statistics from a large number of countries They can only request data and have no way of checking on the accuracy of the data reported to them In general small countries are more likely to report than are large ones and non socialist countries are more likely to report than socialist countries Islamic Law has been the subject of much discussion in the US since 9 11 It is important to recognize that Islamic Law refers to legal ideas sometimes even entire legal systems based on the teachings of Islam It bears no intrinsic relationship to the acts of terrorism committed by misguided zealots with Islamic backgrounds Islamic law is not the same thing as Jihad or Islamic Fundamentalism Islamic law descends directly from the teachings of the Prophet Muhammad known as a prophet lawyer Islamic law today is a system of duties and rituals founded on legal and moral obligations all of which are ultimately sanctioned by the authority of religious leader s who may use commands fatwas or fatwahs that the faithful are bound to obey Principles of Islamic Law Sacred Trust A Social Bond Mutual Respect A Command from God Transitional Law Enforcement Interpol Europol U S National Central Bureau United Nations Conferences on Crime International Criminal Court Globalization and Crime Globalization refers to the internationalization of trade services investment information and other forms of human social activity including crime The process of globalization is fed by modern systems of transportation and communication This contributes to the growing similarities in the way people do things and in the beliefs and values that they hold Terrorism a violent act or an act dangerous to human life that is committed to intimidate or coerce a government the civilian population or any segment in furtherance of political or social objectives Characteristics of terrorism No Rules No Innocents Economy Publicity Meaning No Clarity Criticisms of the patriot act Searches were done without court authorization Need to know for final Globalization The internationalization of trade services investment information and other forms of human social activity including crime Cyberterrorism Makes use of high technology in planning and carrying out of terrorists attacks Trafficking in persons TIP Exploitation of unwilling people through force or deception Huded Offense against God murder is not offense against God Tazir Offense against Society not God Narcoterrorism Link between drug traffickers and terrorists Short Answers Death Penalty 4 Different capacities of prisons Maryland Capital punishment What is it Identify 4 decisions points Process 3 Findings What do the Beccaria quotes mean What right of man to cut the throat of fellow creatures In no way will a self serving individual enter a contract in which the state will take their life People fear slavery more than death Life in prison without parole would be better because The punishment of death persists in our society of barbarity It shows how it can bring us to a sense of barbarity
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