Probation and Parole Probation a sentence of imprisonment that is suspended it is also a court ordered sanction Goal of Probation To retain some control over criminal offenders while using community programs to help rehabilitate them History of Probation The 14th century English courts had established the practice of binding over for good behavior This means the offenders could be entrusted into the custody of willing citizens John Augustus The world s first probation officer Probation now is the most common form of criminal sentencing in the United States Probation Conditions must agree to abide by court mandated conditions also a violation can lead to probation revocation Types of Probation Conditions General many probationers are also required to pay a fine to the court usually in a series of installments Specific may be mandated by a judge who feels that the probationer is in need of particular guidance or control Parole The supervised early release of inmates from correctional confinement Parole Violations Parolee does not conform to the conditions of their parole which leads to parole revocation Parole Decision Making Mechanisms 1 Parole Boards 2 Mandatory Parole Statutory Decrees Discretionary Release 3 Medical Parole Advantages of Probation and Parole Increased Use of Community Services Increased Opportunity for Rehabilitation Lower Cost Community Support Restitution Offenders Who Are Released Are Able to Contribute to the Free Economy When Increased Employment Employed Outside of Prison Disadvantages of Probation and Parole Relative Lack of Punishment When a Convicted Offender Is Released to the Community on Probation or Parole It Poses A Risk to the Community Increased Social Costs The Future of Probation Parole Release Furlough Maxing Out Study Release Work Release Temporary Release
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