04 23 2014 OCE1001 Exam 4 Chapter 14 15 and 16 Hey guys As promised here are the iClicker questions from class Below is my bf s old notes study guide he sold a year ago Hopefully we ll get super lucky and some of these will show up on the test again Good luck on Thursday good luck on your finals and last but not least have a safe and fun summer Spring 2014 iClicker Qs As Which of the following Orders are among the marine mammals Cetacea sirenia and carnivora Which of the following marine mammals do not use a thick layer of blubber to maintain their body temperature Sea otters Which of the following marine mammals have hollow hairs that provide insulation Polar Bears what group Whales and seals increase their flotation by Storing large quantities of low density fat Whales that use sieve like structures called baleens to filter water belong to Mysticetes Why do some whales migrate very long distances To reach good feeding grounds which change seasonally to reach safe calving spots and to reach safe mating spots Which of the following is true about the Marine Mammal Protection Act All of the following Includes a ban on the taking or importing of any marine mammal Provides an exemption for native subsistence hunting of marine mammals AND Provides an exemption for taking marine mammals for scientific research Marine mammals use echolocation to detect objects For echolocation to work marine mammals must be able to Generate rapidly produced clicks of short duration Detect faint echoes as their clicks reflect back from objects Screen out unrelated loud noises in the sea AND Evaluate the time and direction of noises Which of the following increased humans abilities to harvest the great whales The explosive harpoon motorized hunting vessels and factory ships Toothed whales have an organ called the melon what is it and what is it used for It is a sensory organ used to focus sound for communication and echolocation Why does the distribution of benthic organisms match the distribution of surface productivity Benthic organisms depend on the food from surface waters so if productivity is high then more food reaches them What are some common adaptations for organisms that live in rocky shores All of the following They can withstand salinity changes They can withstand temperature changes They have strong methods of attachment to their substrate to withstand pounding waves Intertidal zonation on a rocky beach is primarily controlled by the Amount of time an organism spends out of water Organisms that live buried in the sediments of the seafloor are known as what Infauna What is an advantage for organisms with a bipartite lifestyle By taking advantage of currents offspring can disperse large distances to a suitable habitat What is the process called when an excessive amount of nutrients is introduced to aquatic ecosystems Eutrophication Which of the following are examples of marine pollutants Mercury plastic AND noise Which of the following pollutants can result in depleted oxygen levels in the marine environment Sewage Which of the following are examples of toxicants All of the following Heavy metals Chemical compounds such as DDT and PCBs Excessive concentrations of nutrients What is the name of the process by which the concentrations of toxic chemicals accumulated in organisms increase up the food chain Biomagnification What is the term used to describe the removal of fish from a population faster than the population can be reproduced Overfishing What is incidental catch or bycatch The unintentional or accidental catch of non targeted marine organisms by fishers Explain maximum sustainable yield The maximum biomass that can be removed from a fishery without depleting the standing stock What term describes the process of fishing depleting higher trophic levels and then targeting successively lower trophic levels Fishing down the food web What is the difference between a marine protected area and a marine reserve A marine reserve has more strict rules and never allows for any kind of fishing My boyfriend s notes on ch 14 16 are going to be in the next few pages 4 19 13 sorry if some things on this Word doc are repetitive I m exhausted and don t plan on going through a million practice problems at 3AM After my boyfriend s notes I m going to put the stuff I found online for extra practice If you want it there it is Chapter 14 What strategies or methods help an organism float They have adaptions to increase surface area Others produce oil to help maintain neutral buoyancy What are common characteristics or adaptions for a fish that lives a cruising lifestyle Red muscle tissue 25 50 meters diameter supplies the fish with greater amounts of oxygen much higher metabolism Lunate or Heterocercal fins What advantages does schooling behavior offer Ensures fertilization of eggs Allows smaller fish to feed in area with aggressive fish Protects fish from predators What are some of the common adaptions for deep water nekton Low metabolism rates Good sensory devices to find food Bioluminesce to see Large eyes Large sharp teeth Expandable bodies to accommodate large food items Hinged Jaws What is the purpose of a fish s swim bladder Fills with oxygen allows fish to achieve neutral buoyancy What is a general rule to help determine how fast a given fish can swim The larger the fish generally the faster it can swim Why is the ability to bioluminescence beneficial Searching for food Attracting prey Staking out territory Communication Escaping predators by blinding them Camouflaging What group of animals makes up the majority of the ocean s zooplankton biomass Copepods What are some examples of macroscopic zooplankton Krill cnidarians hydrozoan scyphozoan What are the differences between commensalism mutualism and parasitism Commensalism Smaller or less dominant organism benefits without harming host Mutualism Both participants benefit Parasitism One participant benefits at the expense of another Know the fin types Why do marine mammals look and behave similar fish They both have adapted for moving efficiently in water On average how fast can a fish swim if its body length is 1 meter Up to 3 meters per second Why do big baleen whales such as the blue whale eat small creatures such as krill The biomass is much more abundant in the smaller organisms Why do you think that most cetaceans use sound for communication and echo location Good vision is limited but sound can travel far Low frequencies great range High
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