Psychology 101 Final Review 4 Harry and Margaret Harlow People 1 John Piaget 2 Lawrence Kohlberg 3 Ivan Pavlov 5 Erik Erikson 6 B F Skinner 7 Karen Horney 8 Alfred Adler 9 John B Watson 10 Albert Bandura 11 Carl Jung 12 Abraham Maslow Vocabulary 1 Experimental group 2 Statistical significance 3 Central Nervous System CNS 4 Endorphins 5 Critical Thinking 6 Frontal lobes 7 Neuron 8 Random assignment 9 Reuptake 10 Theory 11 Threshold 12 Control group 13 Autonomic nervous system 14 Myelin Sheath 15 Double blind procedure 16 Placebo 17 Informed consent 18 Hormones 19 Nerves 20 Standard deviation 21 Dendrites 22 Corpus callosum 25 Axon 26 Interneurons 27 Neurotransmitters 28 Sensory neurons 29 Habituation 30 Action potential 23 Peripheral Nervous System PNS 24 Confounding variable 31 Longitudinal study 32 Somatic nervous system 33 Reticular formation 34 Synapse 35 Endocrine system 36 Motor neurons 37 Adrenal glands 38 Psychophysics 39 Amygdala 40 Gestalt 41 Medulla 42 Cochlea 43 Absolute threshold 44 Cross sectional study 45 Cerebellum 46 Pituitary glands 47 Fovea 48 Limbic system 49 Hypothalamus 50 Thalamus 51 Perceptual set 52 Cerebral cortex 53 Glial cells 54 Transduction 55 Phi phenomenon 56 Plasticity 57 Theory of mind 58 Self concept 59 Association areas 60 Neurogenesis 61 Kinesthesis 62 Weber s Law 63 Priming 64 Operant chamber 65 Higher order conditioning 66 Gate control theory 67 Parallel processing 68 Latent learning 69 Primary reinforcer 70 Signal detection theory 71 Embodied cognition 72 Law of effect 73 Cognitive map 74 Acquisition 75 Vestibular sense 76 Flashbulb memory 77 Prosocial behavior 78 Aphasia 79 Mood congruent theory 80 Mirror neurons 81 Subjective well being 82 Mental set 83 Relative deprivation 84 Sensory memory 85 Lymphocytes 86 Linguistic determinism 87 Working memory 88 Sigmund Freud 89 Adaptation level phenomenon 90 Long term potential 91 Collective unconscious 92 Terror management theory 93 Empirically derived test Conceptual Questions 1 Our two best friends have started dating and we immediately feel like we knew they were meant to be together What psychology concept is in play here 2 What are neurons and how do they transmit information 3 State one advantage and one disadvantage of naturalistic observation 4 TRUE OR FALSE Length of marriage correlates with hair loss in men which means that marriage causes men to lose their hair 5 What measures do researchers use to percent the placebo effect in experiment participants 6 What is the difference between a theory and a hypothesis 7 How do nerve cells communicate with other nerve cells 8 Why are association areas so important 9 What distinguishes imprinting from attachment 10 Why is a random sample important 11 What is emerging adulthood 12 How does our nervous system differentiate between a slap and pat on the back 13 What is the difference between place and frequency theory 14 Serotonin dopamine and endorphins are all chemical messengers called 15 What is the difference between associative and cognitive learning 16 Explain the difference between intrinsic and extrinsic motivation 17 What bodily changes does your autonomic nervous system direct before and after you give an important speech 18 Give examples of animals using language and communicating 19 What are the 3 parenting types in order of decreasing strictness 20 Explain how operant conditioning woks and how it is reinforced 21 What happens in the synaptic gap 22 What is the opponent processing theory 23 What is the course of prenatal development a k a the stages up until birth 24 What physical changes occur during middle and late adulthood 25 How does punishment differ from negative reinforcement 26 What is the difference between bottom up processing and top down processing 27 TRUE OF FALSE Our social clocks are based off influenced by the society we live in for awhile 28 Why do you stop noticing that you are wearing shoes after you have worn them 29 What are the basic steps in transforming sound waves into perceived sound 30 How does memory change with age 31 What is the difference between sensorineural and conduction hearing loss 32 What is the difference between shallow and deep processing 33 Describe the effects of damaging the Broca s or Wernicke s area 34 What is the function of sensory adaptation 35 Explain the process of classical conditioning 36 Give an example of how we know that our facial expressions influence our feelings information 37 What are some effortful processing strategies that can help us remember new 38 What is the difference between retrograde and anterograde amnesia 39 How does stress make us more vulnerable to sickness and disease 40 What is the difference between explicit memory and implicit memory 41 Explain the difference and relationship between id ego and superego 42 What are the Big Five Traits Fill in the charts 43 What is the difference between internal and external locus of control Age Range Stage Description Developmental Phenomena Sensorimotor Preoperational Concrete Operational Formal Operational 1 2 1 2 1 2 1 2 Stage Approximate Age Focus Preconventional Morality Early adolescence Actions reflect belief in basic rights and self denied ethical principles Age 0 1 yr 1 3 Stage Description Trust vs Mistrust Learn to exercise their will and do things for themselves vs doubting themselves 3 6 Initiative vs guilt 6 puberty Learn the pleasure of applying themselves vs feeling inferior Teens 20s Identity vs role confusion 20s 40s Work at refining sense of self by testing roles and either forming single identity vs confused about who they are 40s 60s Generativity vs stagnation 60s Reflecting on his or her life an older adult may feel a sense of satisfaction or failure Approximate Month Stage 4 Random babbling Babbling representing household language One word stage Two word stage Sentences Emotional Explanation Theory James Lange Cannon Bard Schachter Singer Zajonc LeDoux Lazarus Stage Oral Age Focus 18 36 mo Bowel and bladder elimination coping with demands for control 6 puberty Dormant sexual feelings Puberty Defense mechanism Process to avoid anxiety Phallic Regression Reaction formation Projection Rationalism Displacement Denial