PSYCH 101 1st Edition Lecture 7 Outline of Last Lecture I. Monitoring Activity in the BrainA. EEG: electroencephalogramB. PET: positron emission tomographyC. MRI: magnetic resonance imagingD. fMRI: functional MRI II. Areas of the Brain and their functionsA. The brainstem (Medulla & Pons), Thalamus, Reticular Formation, CerebellumB. Limbic System- Hippocampus- Amygdala- HypothalamusIII. What the Cerebral Cortex lobes consist ofA. Lobes of the Cerebral Cortex: - Frontal, - Parietal, - Occipital, - TemporalIV. The Motor and Sensory Strips A. Sensory functions of the cortex V. Plasticity: The Brain is flexibleVI. Our two hemispheresA. Left HemisphereB. Right HemisphereC. Split- Brain Studies (Corpus Callosum)D. Split Visual Field Outline of Current Lecture I. Conception- Zygote- Embryo- FetusII. Fetal StageA. DangersThese notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor’s lecture. GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes, not as a substitute.B. Fetal Alcohol SyndromeIII. Competent Newborn’s Inborn Skills- Rooting reflex- Sucking reflex- Crying when hungryIV. Maturation and ExperienceV. Brain Development: Building + Connecting Neurons- In the womb- Beginning at birth- In infancy- In early childhoodVI. Motor DevelopmentVII. Baby Memory- Infantile amnesiaCurrent LectureI. Conception- Zygote: fertilized cell (first 10-14 days)- Embryo: after implantation (2-8 weeks)- Fetus: hands and face develop, fetus may be able to survive on its own outside the womb (9 weeks--)II. Fetal Stage- Responding to sounds- Recognize and adapt to sounds they previously heard in the womb- Can habituate to annoying sounds, and become less agitated with repeated exposureA. Teratogens are substances such as viruses or chemicals that can damage the developing embryo/fetus.B. Fetal Alcohol Syndrome: refers to cognitive, behavioral, and body/brain structure abnormalities by exposure to alcohol in the fetal stageIII. Competent Newborn’s Inborn SkillsThese sets of inborn skills are reflexes, reflexes are responses that are inborn and do not have to be learned. Newborns have reflexes to ensure they will be fed.- Rooting Reflex: When something touches a newborn’s cheek, the infant turns toward that side with an open mouth- Sucking Reflex: can be triggered by a fingertip- Crying when hungry is that newborn talent of using just the right sounds to motivate parents to end the noise and feed the babyIV. Maturation and ExperienceMaturation: biologically driven growth and development enabling orderly (predictable sequential) changes in behavior. (a baby sitting up then crawling then walking)Experience (nurture) can adjust the timing, but maturation (nature) sets the sequence.V. Brain Development: Building + Connecting Neurons- In the womb the number of neurons grows about 750,000 new cells per minute in the middles trimester. - Beginning at birth the connections among neurons proliferate. As we learn we form more branches and neural networks.- In infancy growth in neural connections takes place initially in less complex parts of the brain. This enables the body’s functions and basic survival skills.- In early childhood neural connections proliferate in the association areas. This enables advancements in controlling attention/behavior (frontal lobe) and also inthinking, memory, and language.VI. Motor Development- Maturation takes place in the body and cerebellum enabling the crawling to walking sequence- Physical training generally can’t change timingVII. Baby Memory- Infantile amnesia: the inability of adults to retrieve episodic memories before the age of 2–4 years, as well as the period before age 10 of which adults retain fewer memories than might otherwise be expected given the passage of