PSYCH 101 1st Edition Lecture 5Outline of Last Lecture I. Phrenology and Biological Psychology II. Structures of a NeuronA. Dendrites, Axon, Myelin SheathB. Action PotentialC. The SynapseD. ReuptakeIII. How neurotransmitters Activate ReceptorsA. Agonist B. AntagonistOutline of Current Lecture I. The Central Nervous System and the Peripheral Nervous SystemII. Types of NeuronsA. Sensory, Motor, and InterneuronsB. The NervesIII. More Parts of the Nervous SystemA. Peripheral Nervous System consists ofIV. The Autonomic Nervous SystemA. Sympathetic and ParasympatheticV. The Central Nervous SystemA. Interneurons in the spineVI. The Endocrine SystemA. Hypothalamus, Thyroid Gland, Parathyroids, Adrenal Glands, Pancreas and Pituitary GlandsB. The body’s Endocrine message systemCurrent LectureI. The Central Nervous System (CNS) consists of the brain and spinal cord. The CNS makes decisions for the body. The Peripheral Nervous System (PNS) consists of “the rest” of the nervous system. The PNS gathers and sends information to and from the rest of the body.II. Types of Neurons:A. Sensory Neurons: carry messages IN from the body’s tissues and sensory receptors to the CNS for processing.These notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor’s lecture. GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes, not as a substitute.Motor Neurons: carry instructions OUT from the CNS out to the body’s tissuesInterneurons: Located in the brain and spinal cord, process information between the sensory input between the sensory input and motor input.B. The nerves consist of neural “cables” containing many axons. Nerves are part of the PNS and connect muscles, glands, and sense organs to the central nervous system.III. More Parts of the nervous system: The Nervous system consist of the PNS and CNSA. The PNS has multiple parts that go into it. Peripheral Nervous systemAutonomic+Somatic and inside of Automatic is Sympathetic and ParasympatheticIV. The Autonomic Nervous System controls self-regulated action of internal organs and glands. In the Autonomic there is the sympathetic nervous system and parasympathetic nervous system.A. The sympathetic nervous system AROUSES (“fight or flight”)The parasympathetic nervous system CALMS (“rest and digest”)V. The Central Nervous System:- The brain is a web of neural networks- The spinal cord is full of interneurons that sometimes have “a mind if their own” (like when the doctor taps your knee and it jerks out- a reflex)A. Interneurons in the spine: Your spine’s interneurons trigger your hand to pull away from a fire before you can even say “ouch!”. This is an example of a reflex action.VI. The Endocrine System refers to a set of glands that produce chemical messengers called hormonesA. Hypothalamus: brain region controlling the pituitary glandThyroid Gland: affects metabolism, among other thingsParathyroids: Help regulate the level of calcium in the bloodAdrenal Glands: Inner part helps trigger the “fight or flight” responsePancreas: regulates the level of sugar in the bloodPituitary Gland: secretes many different hormones, some of which affect other glandsB. The Body’s Endocrine Message System (“Slow but sure”): The endocrine system sends molecules as messages, just like the nervous system, but it sends them through the bloodstream instead of across synapses- which is why the message isslower (think about when you intake alcohol).- These molecules called hormones are produced in various glands around the
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