PSYCH 101 1st Edition Lecture 4Outline of Last Lecture l.How do we find out about causation?-Side note: Random Sampling. Vs. Random Assignmentll. Control Grouplll. Placebo EffectA. Double BlindlV. Naming VariablesA. Independent VariableB. Dependent VariableOutline of Current Lecture I. Phrenology and Biological Psychology II. Structures of a NeuronA. Dendrites, Axon, Myelin SheathB. Action PotentialC. The SynapseD. ReuptakeIII. How neurotransmitters Activate ReceptorsA. Agonist B. AntagonistCurrent LectureI. Phrenology: The study of bumps on the skull and their relationship to mental abilities and character traits, This was studied in the early 1800’s and has been foundto have no relation the size of the brain.Biological Psychology includes: neuroscience, behavior genetics, neuropsychology, and evolutionary psychology. All of these explore different aspects of how the natureof mind and behavior is rooted in our biological heritage.These notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor’s lecture. GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes, not as a substitute.II. Structures of a neuron: dendritescell bodyAxon (with myelin sheath covering it) Axon TerminalsA. Dendrites: where neurons receive chemical input from other cells. They are the receivers. Axon: How each neuron sends messages to the next dendritesMyelin Sheath: Fatty tissue insulation around axon and helps move messages fasterB. Action Potential: A neural impulse that travels down an axon like a “wave”. Just as “the wave” can flow to the right in a stadium, even though the people only move up and down, a wave moves down an axon although it is only made up of ion exchanges moving in and out. This is an all or none response and has constant magnitude all the way until the end. -A neuron know when to send a message because it receives signals from other neurons; some saying go and some saying noC. The Synapse: A junction between the atom tip of the sending neuron and the dendrite or cell body of the next receiving neuron. It’s also known as the synapticjunction or synaptic gap.D. Reuptake: After the neurotransmitters stimulate the receptors on the receiving neuron, the chemicals are taken back up into the sending neuron to be used again; they are “recycled” in that way.III. How Neurotransmitters Activate Receptors: They fit together like a lock and key, each neurotransmitter bonds with a receptor.A. Agonist: molecule that fills the receptor site and activates it, acting like the neurotransmitter.B. Antagonist: Molecule that fills the lock so that the neurotransmitter cannot get in and activate the receptor site.
View Full Document
Unlocking...