DO NOT COPY Surviva Guide Oceanography OCE1001 Exam 1 Study Guide 1 The crust and the mantle are divided into the following layers in order of increasing depth A Mesosphere lithosphere asthenosphere B Asthenosphere lithosphere mesosphere C Lithosphere mesosphere asthenosphere D Lithosphere asthenosphere mesosphere E Asthenosphere mesosphere lithosphere 2 What happens when plate tectonics causes two continents to collide at a convergent boundary A Subduction stops abruptly B One continent is subducted into the mantle C Neither continent will subduct so they crumple and form mountain ranges D The convergent boundary turns into a divergent or transform boundary E None of the above 3 How does an ocean basin form A A continental plate is pulled apart and seafloor spreading creates ocean lithosphere in the gap left between pieces B Continental lithosphere becomes so dense that it sinks C All of the ocean basins were formed when Earth s crust first formed so there are no new oceans D Meteorite impacts cause huge craters that are the precursors to oceans E Heat and volcanism from Earth s mantle can cause granitic continental crust to change into basaltic ocean crust 4 Seafloor spreading can create oceanic ridges and oceanic rises What is the difference A The occur at different parts of the world B Oceanic ridges spread quickly and produce vast amounts of rock while oceanic rises spread slowly and accumulate steeply C Oceanic rises spread quickly and produce vast amounts of rock while oceanic ridges spread slowly and accumulate steeply D Oceanic ridge volcanoes are active while oceanic rise volcanoes are dormant 5 What is a fathom arms A It was derived from the length of an average person s stride B It was derived from the length of an average person s outstretched Page 1 of 7 DO NOT COPY Surviva Guide C It was derived from the length of an average person s height D None of the above 6 How can a satellite measure ocean depth A They have such good optics that they can see the ocean floor through the B They can use microwave beams which reach the ocean floor and then water column bounce back into space C They can use microwave beams that bounce back from the ocean surface which is shaped by the ocean floor D None of the above 7 A method used to determine what layers beneath the ocean floor look like is called what A Echo sounding B Side Scan Sonar C Hydrophone D Multi beam sonar E Seismic profiling 8 Which are characteristics of a passive continental margin A Broad continental shelf with steep continental slope B Narrow continental shelf with steep continental slope C Broad continental shelf with gentle continental slope D Narrow continental shelf with gentle continental slope 9 Which of the following is NOT an example of hydrogenous sediment A Manganese nodules B Phosphorites C Salts D Ooliths E Tektites 10 What generates silica oozes A Radiolarians and coccolithophores B Diatoms and foraminiferans C Diatoms and radiolarians D Coccolithophores and diatoms E Cocc0lithophores and foraminiferans called what A Nonexistent sediments B Pelagic sediments C Relict sediments D Rafted sediments 11 Sediments found on the seafloor and attributed to processes in the past are Page 2 of 7 DO NOT COPY Surviva Guide 12 How does the particle size of terrigeous sediments generally change with 13 Lithogenous sediment is A Derived from rock B Derived from plants and animals C Always found at depths over 4500m D Always associated with deep sea trenches 14 What is the average kinetic energy of any substance called 15 What is the total kinetic energy of any substance called E Sorted sediments distance form shore A Increases B Decreases C Stays the same D Become less uniform E Is less graded A Heat B Specific heat C Temperature D Calories E None of the above A Heat B Specific heat C Temperature D Calories E None of the above water by 1 degree centigrade A Calorie B Van der Waals C Heat capacity D Kilocalorie E Joule 16 What is the unit that is equivalent to raising the temperature of 1 gram of 17 The addition of salt to fresh water to form salt water causes which of the following A Increases the density of the water B Depresses the boiling point and elevates the freezing point C Makes the temperature of maximum density increase D All of these are correct E None of these are correct Page 3 of 7 DO NOT COPY Surviva Guide 18 19 18 Why can sound be used to measure depth whereas light cannot A Light cannot penetrate water at all while sound can travel through water B Light is completely attenuated at less than 1000 meter depth while sound can travel all the way to the ocean floor C In fact we can use light to measure the ocean floor but using sound is D The speed of light varies so much in water that we cannot use it to cheaper measure depth E None of the above 19 Many of the unique properties of water such as cohesion and its reputation as a universal solvent come from its atomic structure What causes these properties A Atoms in water molecules are stuck together with atomic bonds B Atoms in water molecules are stuck together with covalent bonds C Water molecules are magnetically polarized D Water molecules have a positive electrical charge on one side and a E Many other ions can substitute for the hydrogen atoms in a water negative on the other molecule 20 Why does ocean temperature change little from day to night A Marine ice caps keep ocean water from heating up too much B Water has a high heat capacity so it can both absorb and release a lot of energy without changing temperature C Salts in ocean water absorb sunlight during the day and release it at night D Stronger more consistent winds over the ocean distribute heat evenly E High heat capacity absorbs solar energy slowly and releases it quickly 21 How does water have such strong surface tension A Water molecules as constantly bumping against each other creating B Water is the universal solvent and so has extremely strong surface strong surface tension tension C Hydroxide bonds form between adjacent molecules due to water s acidity thus giving it strong surface tension D Water has high kinetic energy resulting in strong surface tension E Water molecules are kept together by hydrogen bonds due to their 22 Which substance has the greatest density polarity A Warm fresh water B Cold fresh water C Ice Page 4 of 7 DO NOT COPY Surviva Guide 24 Salinity may be measure by checking the water s 23 A Secchi disk is used to measure what D Warm salt water E Cold salt water
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