AbiogenesisTheory that life comes fromnon-life.AntisepticA chemical compound thatcan inhibit or stop thegrowth of bacteria.AsepticFree of pathogenicmicroorganisms.AttenuatedA weakened pathogen.Beijerinck, MartinusTobacco mosaic virus(Recognized)Dick, Gladys & George(1921-1927) Made a test forscarlet fever.Fleming, Alexander(1928) Discoveredpenicillin.Holmes, Oliver Wendell(1843) To preventpuerperal fever, wash yourhands.Jennuer, Edward(1796) Vaccination forsmallpox.Koch, Robert(1884) How to find cause of specific disease. 1:Causative agent must be present in every case ¬ in healthy agent. 2: Pathogen must be isolatedfrom heat & grown in pure culture. 3: Samedisease must reproduce in healthy animals injectedwith pure culture pathogen. 4: Same pathogenmust be recovered from sick animals & isolatedagain. [Pathogens]Lancefield, Rebecca(1895-1981) Typing ofdifferent Streptococcalgroups.Leeuwenhoek, Anton(1667) Father ofmicrobiolog. Mademicroscopes.Lister, Joseph(1865) Using carbolic acid todisinfect hands & surgicaltools lowers fatality rates.[Sepsis. Aseptic. Antiseptic.]Montagnier, Luc and Gallo,Robert(1987) Discovered AIDsvirus.Pasteur, Louis(1861-1885) Dust particlescarry microbes on them.Pasteur, Louis(1885) Developed vaccinesfor anthrax, chicken pox,cholera, & rabies.Pasteur, Louis(1861-1885) Germs causefermentation;pasteurization.PathogensDisease causing agent.Redi, Francesco(Late 1600's. Early 1700's)Flies carry disease & theireggs become maggots.[Abiogenesis]Reed, Walter andSternberg, George(1900-1902) Developedyellow fever commission.Found what caused Y.F.Salk, Jonas and Sabin,Albert(1949) Developed vaccinesfor polio.Schick, Bela(1877-1977) Made a test fordiphtheria.Semmelweis, Ignaz(1847) Put into practice inhospital. [see Holmes,Oliver Wendell]SepsisSystemic disease associatedwith presence of pathogenicmicro or toxins in blood.Spallanzani, Lazzaro(1767) Air was needed formicrobes to grow. [Turbid]Stanley, WendellCrystallized TMV & poliovirus. [See Beijerinck,Martinus]TurbidCloudy with growth ofmicrobes.Tyndall, John(1876) Bacteria withendospores must be heated &cooled several times. [seePateur, Louis
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