Rebecca Davenport BIO 1406 BW1 9 7 2016 Blue print Ch 2 1 Subatomic particlesa Electrons are negatively charged 1 2000 amu make up the cloud Subatomic particle proton Neutron charge positive Neutral size 1 amu 1 amu Purpose identity Isotopes atomic electron negative 1 2000 amu mass Chemical behavior b Structure of atoms i ii Electron shell QUESTION in the notes I wrote the 3rd electron shell can only have a max of 8 electrons but when I searched for example pictures I got the chart below Which is correct 1 2 Outer shell is the valence shell c Isotopes atoms of the same element that have different atomic masses i Different number of neutrons ii Cannot change number of protons without changing elements 2 Bonds 3 types of bonds Covalent polar and non polar ionic hydrogen a Covalent bond sharing a pair of electrons i Ex ii Polar unequal sharing of electrons 1 Partial charges Gamma symbol 2 Ex H2O 3 Electro negative atoms aka highly greedy are Nitrogen and Oxygen Anytime you see O or N most likely polar molecule iii Non polar equal sharing of electrons 1 No partial charges 2 Ex O2 the two oxygens cancel out b Ionic bond gain or loss of electron full charges i Ex NaCl Na donates an electron to Cl c Hydrogen bond form between water molecules BUT water molecules are held together by covalent bonds i Very weak individually ii Hydrogen will be attracted to O of another water molecule and will therefore form a hydrogen bond Oxygen is bigger and will be able to form hydrogen bonds with TWO water molecules look at example below iii d
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