Psyc 100 1st Edition Lecture 23Outline of Last Lecture I. Psychoactive DrugsOutline of Current Lecture I. Theories of Personalitya. Psychoanalytic Theory Stagesb. Defense MechanismsCurrent LecturePSYCHOANALYTIC THEORYWho created it? FreudWhat is it?  Attributes our thoughts and actions to unconscious motives and conflictsWe get at these conflicts through: Dream interpretation (see dreams) Free association4 topics central to psychoanalytic theory:1. Levels of consciousness2. Structure of personality3. Psycho-sexual stages of development4. Anxiety and the defense mechanismThese notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor’s lecture. GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes, not as a substitute.Psychoanalytic Theory -LEVELS of CONSCIOUSNESSMind = Iceberg (An iceberg is majority underwater)Levels of Consciousness:Conscious: Current thoughts at a given momentPreconscious:  Below conscious realm  Contains memories not in consciousness, but can be brought into consciousnessUnconscious:  Below the preconscious, bulk of the human mind Thoughts, desires, impulses for which we are unaware Might have once been conscious but – now repressedEx: The urge to sleep with your motherSTRUCTURE OF PERSONALITYPersonality consists of 3 parts:ID: (Unconscious) Tells you that you want to do something All of our primitive thoughts, urges, needs, desires Present at birth Pleasure principle: Demands immediate gratification regardless of costEGO: (Conscious) Takes info from ID and SUPEREGO and decides what to do  Develops in response to ID Holds ID in check until conditions are right for gratification Reality principle: Takes external environment into account to direct behavior/maximize pleasure Resolves conflict of ID and SUPEREGOSUPEREGO: (Pre-conscious; conscious) Tells you not to do something Acquired from parents, teachers, laws Also seeks to control the ID, but focus is on morality Will only gratify impulses if morally correct – not just safe Conscience – expects good at all timesEx: You see a hottie sitting next to you in class!Psychoanalytic TheoryPSYCHOSEXUAL STAGES OF DEVELOPMENTMain points:1. Early childhood  Has impact on unconscious and stays around forever2. 5 stages of psychosexual development Oral, Anal, Phallic, Latent, Genital3. Conflict occurs at each stage4. Conflict resolution? If conflict resolved – Great If conflict not resolved - FixationORAL STAGE (Age 0-1) Physical Focus Mouth, lips, tongue (infant will put anything in their mouth, pleasure comes frommouth) Psychological theme Dependency (infant cannot survive if you do not care for it) Symptoms of conflict: Way too independent or dependent (ego is not successful at resolving conflict either far to one side or the other) Symptoms of fixation Oral gratification: overeating, smoking, chewing on things (signs that you are stuck in a stage of development)Psychoanalytic TheoryPSYCHOSEXUAL STAGES OF DEVELOPMENTANAL STAGE (Age 1-3) Physical Focus Anus, bladder  Psychological theme Control (potty training, able to control when you pee and when you poop, fixated: way over controlling or not enough controlling) Symptoms of conflict/fixation: Expulsive: Messy, slob Retentive: Controlling – neat freakPHALLIC STAGE (Age 3-6) Physical Focus Penis, genitals Psychological theme Gender identification- Fixations/conflicts Promiscuous (overly sexual appetite), asexual (no sexual appetite)Oedipus Conflict (boys age of 3 or 4) Love mom, want to kill dad Can’t kill dad So, identify and be like dadElectra Conflict (girls age of 3, 4, 5) Love Dad, want to kill mom Can’t kill mom Identify and be like momPsychoanalytic TheoryPSYCHOSEXUAL STAGES OF DEVELOPMENTLATENT STAGE (Age 6 - puberty) Freud gives us a break in this stage Learning occurs Spend time with same sexGENITAL STAGE (puberty - on) Physical focus Genitals – focus on producing the next generation Psychological theme Life enhancement Psychoanalytic TheoryDEFENSE MECHANSIMS - ANXIETYGeneral points:1. When ID and Superego war – anxiety occurs2. Ego wants to reduce anxietya. Puts up defense mechanisms to protect us3. Defense mechanisms: keep anxiety into unconsciousness4. Distorts realityParapraxis: When Ego can’t control this conflict and the ID leaks into the conscious Forgetting Humor Slips of the tongue (Freudian slips)Types of Defense Mechanisms:Regression Threatening situation – Act in a way appropriate to earlier ageEx: College student throwing temper tantrumRepression Forgetting – Pushing from conscious to unconsciousEx: Not remembering childhood abuseRationalization Come up with acceptable reason for thoughts with unacceptable motivesEx : I had to eat the whole tub of ice cream..Displacement Redirect emotional response from dangerous source to safe sourceEx : Man mad at boss yells at