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UMass Amherst PSYCH 100 - Personality disorders and Therapy

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Psyc 100 1st Edition Lecture 28Outline of Last Lecture I. Psychotic DisordersII. Dissociative DisordersIII. Eating DisordersIV. Personality DisordersOutline of Current Lecture I. Personality DisordersII. Therapy Current LecturePersonality DisordersCLUSTER B: Dramatic, emotional or impulsive behaviorsAntisocial: Disregard for others Lacks conscience, remorse DeceitfulEx: Timothy McVeigh – Bombing of Federal building and daycare next doorBorderline Unstable relationship pattern Sees things in black and white only (no in between) Attention seeking Self-destructive behaviorsThese notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor’s lecture. GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes, not as a substitute.Ex: Fatal attraction – Glenn CloseNarcissistic Egocentric world Self-importance Entitles, arrogant, overly self – importantEx: Tracy Morgan’s character on 30 rockHistrionic Excessively emotional Attention seeking – must be center of attention Shallow and shifting emotionEx: Most of the “housewives” on reality showsCLUSTER C: Anxious and fearful behaviorsAvoidant: Socially inhibited Avoids interpersonal contact Fear they won’t be likedEx: Shy person to the extremeDependent: Can’t make everyday decisionso Depends on other for every move they make Can’t initiate Won’t disagree with othersObsessive-Compulsive Unlike syndrome:o Life-long, doesn’t come and goo Less extreme Preoccupied with lists All work and no play Perfectionist/inflexible Pack rato Ex: Monica from “Friends”PsychotherapyTwo types: Traditional Psychotherapies (Psychoanalysis)o Goal: Help client gain and understanding of the unconscious, unresolved conflicts, repressed childhood experiences through therapist interpretation and client insight.o How/when/where: Individual therapy in office 4-5 times/week for several years Therapist is neutral, only talk to interpreto Techniques: Dream analysis Free association Resistance Insighto Relationship with therapist: Transference – Transfer emotion onto therapist Behavioral Therapyo Goal: Change the problem behavior, no thoughts, no reflect on pasto Techniques: From classical conditioningo Aversion Therapy Pair behavior with a negative event to extinct it- Ex: Smoking cessation programso Exposure People are confronted gradually or suddenly to a feared stimulus but withno bad outcome (positive event).- Eventually the anxiety will be extinguished. Systematic Desensitizationo Create anxiety hierarchyo Teach relaxation techniqueso Pair relaxation with anxious stimulus Ex: Fear of snakeso Anxiety Hierarchy Hold the snake in your hands See free snake from up-close See a real snake in its cage Behavioral Therapy (cont.)o Techniques: From operant conditioningo Token economy Who: Used with schizophrenics, adolescents How: Create a system where certain behaviors are rewarded with tokens, money Client Centered Therapyo Goal: Help the client solve their own problems by creating a warm, calm environment, and granting autonomyo How – Non – directive, collaborative approach Genuine  Accepting Empathico Techniques: Reflection – repeat back what they say in their own words  Body language – eye contact, lean forward Unconditional positive regard – T is always on the client’s side Empathy – T tries to show the client they feel their pain Cognitive Therapyo Goal: To change the way in which we think about things Change thinking from destructive → constructive Automatic thoughts (usually negative) color our feelingso Techniques: First : Identify irrational or maladaptive thoughts- Automatic thoughts- Black and white thinking- Overgeneralizations Then: Challenge the thoughts- Come up with a ration interpretation of the situation Contemporary Psychotherapieso Combines elements from both behavioral and cognitive therapyo Shows how distortions in thinking (cognitions), cause bad feelings, which affects behavior Psychodynamic therapyo Explores the aspects of the self that are not fully knowno Uses therapy relationship to uncover these aspects Similar to psychoanalysis but less intense Shorter duration Therapist more active More focused on the present Interpersonal Therapy – short term therapy that examines the context of current social relationshipso Focus: o Conflicts with otherso Social skillso Role transitionso Grief Systemic Therapies – Client is not an individual but rather a member of a systemo Interactions of groups, their patterns and dynamicso Family therapy, Couple’s


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