Psyc 100 1st Edition Lecture 22Outline of Last Lecture I. Sleep disordersII. DreamsOutline of Current Lecture I. Psychoactive DrugsCurrent LecturePSYCHOACTIVE DRUGSActive vs. Psycho-active Drugs : Tylenol vs. Morphine Both are analgesics, but... morphine also produces euphoria.DEPRESSANTSEX: Alcohol, barbiturates, tranquilizers 1. College students drink 4 Billion cans of beer annuallya. 55 Six packs per studentb. $450 more than soft drinks and textbooks2. There is a negative correlation between alcohol consumption and grades3. 95% of violent crime on campuses is drug- or alcohol-related4. Students in the NE drink more than in the S or W.a. It is colder in NE and alcohol warms them up5. Although alcohol consumption is similar in males and females, males are much more likely to binge.These notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor’s lecture. GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes, not as a substitute.6. Frequent bingers are 8 times more likely to:a. Miss class; fall behind in schoolb. Experience a blackoutc. Get injuredd. Damaged property7. Problem sign: using alcohol to “reduce tension” (fall asleep; reduce worry; deaden pain)Effects:1. Slows down brain functions Why does it seem to energize if it is a depressant? Because it depresses inhibitory brain regions Ex: Alcohol quiets the voices that say: Don’t drive your car over that person’s lawn Don’t get into a fight over something silly Don’t tell random people that they are ugly2. Shuts down sympathetic NS (flight) Reduces tension3. Interferes with memory consolidation That’s why you forget stuff in the morning4. Suppresses self-awareness People want to get drunk when depressed5. Promiscuity Depresses sexual response but… Provides and excuse for sexual behaviorNARCOTICSEX: Morphine, HeroinEffects:1. Anxiety reduction Increases relaxation2. Pain reduction3. Can’t concentrate4. Slowed speech, physical activity When drug wears off, leads to extreme anxiety and desire for more This drug is very addictiveSTIMULANTSEX: Caffeine, amphetamines, cocaineEffects:1. Turns on sympathetic nervous system - Flight2. Shuts of digestion – Less hungry (dexitrin)3. Increases aggression4. Highly addictiveAn example:Caffeine (Chronic vs. One-time) Heart rate arrhythmia, increased blood pressure Metabolism, gastric secretions (ulcers) Speeds up reaction times, but no effect on higher order cognitive functions Aids athletic performance? Trembling, headaches, depression and insomnia (causal links) Fertility – controversial (stillborn, miscarriage) Bone loss in post – menopausal women Exacerbates some anxiety disordersHALLUCINOGENSEX: LSD, THC (marijuana) Effects: 1. Distort perceptions and evoke vivid images Sensitivity to colors, sounds, tastes, smells Most people feel relaxed and happy but some people become paranoid2. Curb nausea, increase appetite, reduce chronic pain3. Relaxation, disinhibition, and euphoria4. Severe effects on motor control Don’t smoke and driveFactors that influence drug use1. Peers It’s not even if they do or don’t It’s based on how much you think they do it (kind of like sex)2. Biology Parents who are alcoholic are more likely to have offspring with an addiction Identical twin studies 3. Culture Amish kids don’t abuse drugs vs. Alcoholism rates across Europe (Lowest rates: Italy, Spain/Portugal, Greece)4. Personality/Mood More likely to abuse drugs if they are: Lacking in hopeo Prison populations or soldierso Depression Lack of directiono Young unmarried vs. young marrieds Low self-esteem5. Type of Drug Addictive rate is correlatedo + with the intensity of the higho – with the length of the
View Full Document
Unlocking...