HIS 102 1st Edition Lecture 24 Outline of Last Lecture I A middle class age II A culture of respectability III Middle class family IV A Separate spheres B Defining gender Sources of change a nascent culture of consumption Outline of Current Lecture I Terms and definitions why is nationalism important A Having a sense of nationalism is a big part of modernity national identity B The sense that you belong to a larger community that has shared values and culture C Nationalism is the most significant political ideology that mobilizes ideas in the world today D Definitions 1 Nation An imagined community common tradition or way of life a common language is the most important shared history common heritage shared religion Examples Kurds Palestinians Jews prior to modern times 2 State exercise violence a government Examples Nigeria United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland Scottish Irish British Welsh Russia II Nationalism in the early 19th century A In Western parts of Europe where countries had been unified for a long time national identity already existed but it was latent to other identities regional local religious 1 National identity only came to the forefront under times of war crisis B Eastern and Southern Europe national identity was very undeveloped Poland Balkan peninsula 1 Rule by foreigners 2 Low economic development agrarian people These notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor s lecture GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes not as a substitute III 3 Illiteracy no established literary language dialects prominent a variation on a language C Stirred up by Napoleon Bonaparte 1 Because he takes over different areas and imposes taxes D Fostering of national identity 1 Development of public schools 2 Railroads breaks down localism by allowing travel 3 Modern army conscription From geographic expression as defined by Metternich to unified state the Italian question A Mazzini and young Italy 1 In the beginning of this period Italy was politically divided 2 Guiseppe Mazzini raised learning the principles of Republicanism his dream was to drive out the foreigners and unify the Italian nation spends much of his life in exile England 3 Young Italy a political party formed by Mazzini based upon principles of unification under an Italian leader B Cavour and the role of Sardinia 1 King of Sardinia plays huge role in unifying Italy 2 Count Cavour liberal military aristocrat editor of Il Risorgimento Resurgence or the movement to unify Italy prime minister of Sardinia in C Wars of unification 1 Italy is unified by war 2 Wars from the North were an attempt to drive out the Austrians 3 Wars in the South led by Guiseppe Garibaldi wore redshirts overthrew Bourbon monarchy in Naples 4 1861 unified kingdom of Italy was proclaimed liberal nationalism only part that wasn t unified was Rome 5 Held elections First Italian king Emmanuel II House of Savoy 6 1866 gain Venetia 7 1870 Rome becomes capital D Post unification problems 1 Serious challenges even after unification 2 Pope loses territories and goes into exile in the Vatican city for 60 years until Mussolini i Excommunicates king and other aristocrats ii Tells Catholics not to vote in elections iii Hostility between church and monarchy 3 Problems between North and South i North is industrial ii South is poor 4 Language i No unified language
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