HIS 102 1st Edition Lecture 18 Outline of Last Lecture I Napoleon II Congress of Vienna III Industrial Revolution Outline of Current Lecture I Definition where when and why A Existing preconditions required for industrial revolution 1 Already Capitalist society capital is invested wealth 2 Large social class of wage labor earning wages to survive growing working class not peasants 3 Productive agricultural society 4 Entrepreneurial markets 5 Only where there was already substantial growth Northwestern EuropeGreat Britain Netherlands Belgium West Germany some of France Northern Italy 6 Transport systems 7 Banks B Birth place England C Society had formerly been defined by scarcity the revolution led society towards abundance D 1760 1780 until 1830 industrialization is still going on E Workshop economy manufacturing and retailing put together on a small scale 1 Artisans highly skilled craft workers 2 Cottage industry Proto industry putting out system advanced division of labor no supervision II The union of science and capital a new world of machines A Adoption of new forms of technology B Three substantial elements for these developments 1 Substitution of mechanical devices for human skill i Beginnings of machine age ii The factory huge numbers of people who worked together under close supervision These notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor s lecture GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes not as a substitute iii iv v vi Production of cotton textile Prior to this people wore wool Cotton is easier to clean Samuel Crompton s spinning mule combination of the Jenny and the water frame produced much more yarn increase of productivity vii Cotton is coming from the U S cotton plantations 2 Inanimate forms of power replace animal and human strength in the production process i Water wheel rivers ii James Watt s steam engine significant because this allows people to build factories and mills not near a river iii Steam engine ties industrialization to urbanization iv By 1830 first passenger rail service between Manchester and Liverpool v Changes war as well transportation of soldiers 3 Innovations in metal working i How iron and steel are produced ii Henry Cort puddling iron stirring molten iron stirs off its impurities mass production of wrought iron
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