HIS 102 1st Edition Lecture 21 Outline of Last Lecture I. Urban LifeII. A New Culture of work: time and work disciplineIII. The experience of artisans: custom and unregulated competitionOutline of Current Lecture I. Defining the middle class (or bourgeoisie)A. Financial/economic independenceB. Lower middle class (petit-bourgeoisie)1. Modest meansC. Education limited to people in professions (bankers, shop owners, etc.) II. Liberal politicsA. Parliament1. Liberals believe in a form of representation through voting2. Popular sovereignty is not a belief-only male landowners 3. Want broad legal reformsi. Independent judiciary ii. Due processiii. Legal equality4. Constitutional monarchy (limited/shared power)These notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor’s lecture. GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes, not as a substitute.III. Middle class political gainsA. France, 1830: another revolution1. Implement a new king at the Congress of Vienna after Napoleon (Bourbon Restoration-Louis XVIII)2. Constitutional Charter: compromise with the king to have a parliament3. Retains the principle of “careers open to talent” (social mobility)4. Replaced by brother Charles X upon deathi. Used the King’s Touch during coronation ritual to symbolize divine rightii. Death penalty for sacrilege in a churchiii. July Decrees: dismisses parliament before they even meet, shrinks voting rights, press censorshipiv. Response from people was violence and riotsv. Must abdicate and take shelter5. Louis Philippe (cousin) replaces Charles (1830-48)i. The Bourgeoisie monarchy: restores tricolor flag and agreement for government that had been established in 1815ii. Appointed prime minister and had a cabinetB. Britain and the 1832 Great Reform Act1. Two parties within Parliamentary Monarchy-both dominated by landed wealth (House of Lords, House of Commons)i. Whigs: Prime minister Earl Grey, pass Great Reform Act-doesn’t change that landed wealth still dominate congress, but gives middle class voting rightsii. Tories: resisted any
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