HIS 102 1st Edition Lecture 8Outline of Last Lecture I. Habsburg Rule: Modern or Medieval?II. Bourbon France: absolutism triumphantIII. The fate of Central Europe: the 30 years’ war (1618-1648) and ending political fragmentationOutline of Current Lecture I. Europe and world trade before ColumbusA. Before/Early 1400’s, Europe was culturally, politically, and economically underdevelopedB. Europe was linked with two major trade routes1. Gold (from the Akan states in Africa)2. Spices (from India and Indonesia)C. With the discovery of the Atlantic ocean as a trade route came the beginnings of a European dominated society1. Expand and reinstate trade networks2. Atlantic links up Europe, Africa, and Asia and replaces the Mediterranean II. The age of discovery: Europe and merchant capitalismA. Rise of merchant capitalism1. Capital, credit, commodities, and labor are all required for the Atlantic world systemIII. The role of PortugalA. Conflict between Portugal and Castile: Castile wants to take over Portugal as part of their territoryB. Reconquest: Driving Muslims out of the Iberian PeninsulaC. 1453, Constantinople falls to the Ottomans (Muslims)***1. Lose connection with spice trade2. Start looking down the African coast3. Prince Henry the Navigator funds expeditions down the coast of Africa4. Build a trading post in Africa (Elmina,1482)5. Contact with the Congoi. King converts to Catholicism 6. 1487, Diaz makes it to the cape of good hopeThese notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor’s lecture. GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes, not as a substitute.7. Vasco de Gama continues around the cape of good hope and establishes presence in Asiai. Lisbon dominates the spice tradeIV. The Columbian momentA. 1492, Columbus leaves by ship from the Canary Islands>this is important, because by leaving from the islands, he finds the Westerlies (winds) that direct him towards America B. Finds Bahamas firstC. Makes four voyages in allD. Amerigo Vespucci1. Mundus Novus (New World) coined by VespucciE. Columbian Exchange: the movement of goods, food, animals, and diseases between Africa, Europe, and the
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