HIS 102 1st Edition Lecture 12 Outline of Last Lecture I Starting place Living in a supernatural world II What was different about the age of science III Sir Francis Bacon and the empirical world IV The astronomers V An age of intellectual crisis Outline of Current Lecture I Was ist aufklrung Kant and the spirit of enlightenment A Kant what is enlightenment 1 To dare to know dare to learn B Philosophes populizers of enlightenment ideas 1 Interested in science 2 Wanted ideas to reach a larger public II Intellectual currents A The novelty of progress 1 For generations continuity was the norm 2 Faith in progress coming into being B Science and the advantage of secularism 1 Non religious secular values become more important than ever before These notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor s lecture GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes not as a substitute 2 Voltaire rational thought not revelation 3 Science feeds secularism 4 Mania against witchcraft because of belief in magic a By 1700 s elite stop believing in magic witchcraft C Civil society and significance 1 Deism God was beginning to be seen as a watchmaker a creator who created the world and left it alone doesn t interfere in human affairs 2 Isolation from society a Strongest in economically developed areas b People want to know about the world middle class invention of newspaper explosion in publishing lending library Ben Franklin created the first in America coffeehouse c Invention of public opinion is cause for rulers to worry III Late 17th century origins a discourse of opposition to absolutism A Discourse of opposition to Absolutism 1 Science as opposed to religion criticize the state opposition of church and state 2 The whole point was to give privileges to everyone legal equality IV More on John Locke a formidable theory of learning A Essay concerning human understanding 1 How do we know what we know a Locke knowledge comes from experience b Tabula rasa 2 If you want to create better people create better institutions V The impulse to complete classify and order A Diderot French enlightenment thinker 1 Chief editor of Encyclopedia a Reflection of optimism in learning and progress 2 28 volumes B Carolus Linnaeus 1 Thinks of the nomenclature genus and species used to classify VI Humanitarianism A Beccaria 1 Punishment should fit the crime 2 Made to protect society 3 Against torture and capital punishment B 1787 England abolition society established 1 Olaudah Equiano former slave
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