PSY 101 1st Edition Lecture 3 Outline of Last Lecture II Research Types A Case Study B Naturalistic Observation C The Survey III Random Sampling IV Correlation A Correlation Coefficient Outline of Current Lecture l How do we find out about causation Side note Random Sampling Vs Random Assignment ll Control Group lll Placebo Effect A Double Blind lV Naming Variables A Independent Variable B Dependent Variable Current Lecture l Correlation does not mean causation so how do we find out about causation Through experimentation Random sampling is how you get a pool of research participants that represents the population Random Assignment of participants is randomly placing participants in the control group or experimental group putting people into these groups is totally random ll The Control Group is controlled by the researcher We manipulate a variable in an experimental group of people and then we see an effect how do we know the change These notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor s lecture GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes not as a substitute we saw wouldn t have happened anyway We solve this problem by comparing this group to a control group a group that is the same in every way to the experimental group except the one variable we are changing lll Placebo Effect Experimental effects that are caused by expectations about the intervention Control groups may be given a placebo an inactive substance or other fake treatment in place of the experimental treatment For example a control group may be given a sugar pill instead of the real drug scientists are studying The control group is ideally blind to whether they are getting real or fake treatment Many studies are double blind neither participants nor research staff knows which participants are in the experimental or control groups This prevents any bias in researchers lV Naming Variables The variable we are able to manipulate independently of what the other variables are doing is called the Independent Variable giving the drug pill The variable we expect to experience a change which depends on the manipulation we re doing is the Dependent Variable participants predicted reaction to pill
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