Individual Strategy Scenario Individual Strategy #3 Strategy: Frames Type II Content: Upon the conclusion of a presentation on the operating principles of the Four-Stroke Otto Cycle Engine, students are given a Frame Type II with partially filled in slots. Title: Four-Stroke Otto Cycle Engine Time Required: 60 Minutes Number of Participants: 10-15 Target Audience: Aircraft A&P mechanics Goal of Activity: To initiate the active participation of the learners following a presentation on the operating principles of the Four-Stroke Otto Cycle Engine, which integrates and synthesizes the information they just viewed. Learning Outcomes: Gagne’s Taxonomy - Verbal Information, Intellectual Skills Bloom’s Taxonomy - Knowledge, Comprehension, Application and Synthesis Learner Characteristics: The learners are students attending an aircraft maintenance school. They will primarily be males from 18 to 55 years old. These students are mostly high school graduates with little to no college. Approximately half of the students are already trained in the field. The remaining population will be new to the field and seeking their certification as an A&P aircraft mechanic. Entry Skills: The learners are characteristically mechanically inclined and highly motivated to learn this instruction. Setting: Classroom Media: Computer with presentation hardware and Powerpoint software. Followed by a handout with the following Frame Type II:Student Handout: Four-Stroke Otto-Cycle Engine Operation Intake Valve Position Exhaust Valve Position Piston Position Intake Stroke OPEN CLOSED DOWN Compression Stroke Power Stroke DOWN Exhaust Stroke CLOSED Completed Handout: Four-Stroke Otto-Cycle Engine Operation Intake Valve Position Exhaust Valve Position Piston Position Intake Stroke OPEN CLOSED DOWN Compression Stroke CLOSED CLOSED UP Power Stroke CLOSED CLOSED DOWN Exhaust Stroke CLOSED OPEN UP Process: 1. The instructor will begin with a brief lecture to explain the ensuing activities (presentation followed by a fill-in-the-blank, i.e. Frame Type II) to the learners. 2. The instructor will then open a PowerPoint presentation on the operating principles of the Four-Stroke Otto Cycle Engine. As the instructor proceeds with the presentation he will encourage questions and discussion about the material being covered. 3. Immediately following the presentation the instructor will issue the handout containing the Frame Type II, more as a means to integrate and synthesize the information as opposed to an assessment. The learners will be told early in the program that the handout is not a test for grade. Strategy Assessment: Although the students are told the Frame Type II is not a test for grade, it nonetheless serves very well as an assessment for the validity of the strategy used. Author: William Beam Reference: West, C.K., Farmer, J.A., & Wolff, P.M. (1991). Instructional Design: Implications from Cognitive Science, Boston: Allyn and
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