Mitosis How Cells Reproduce Class Discussion I Reproduction A Asexual reproduction reproduction that creates offspring without the participation of sperm and egg cellular division results in the production of an entire organism individuals grow from fragmented pieces cellular division can result in a whole new organism 1 What cells use it What organisms use it Bacteria yeast unicellular organism single celled organism prokaryotes 2 Consequence the parents and the offspring are genetically identical B Sexual reproduction requires fertilization of an egg by sperm Come up with a list of actions or events that an animal cell must undergo to achieve division Duplicate DNA Grow make more organelles and more macromolecules Stages of mitosis interphase prophase metaphase anaphase telophase cytokinesis Has to receive signs GROWTH FACTOR to divide Production of spindle fibers Chromatin must turn into chromosome II Eukaryotic Cell Cycle 2 phases Interphase mitotic phase A Interphase precedes both mitosis and meiosis 3 subphases GI Gap Phase o growth more organelles more macromolecules are synthesized o cell is carrying out its function o DNA is replicated or synthesized S Phase after DNA has replicated chromosome sister chromatid cell division independent chromosomes ending up into two different cells Anatomy of chromosomes Chromosome a double stranded DNA molecule Sister chromatids duplicated chromosomes that are connected each chromatid will become a chromosome in the daughter cell Constricted region of a chromosome centromere Protein complex that forms at the centromere to connect chromatids to microtubule spindle fibers kinetochore histones proteins that the DNA double helix winds around heterochromatin when DNA is tightly wound up B Mitosis What cells in your body perform this Somatic cells AKA body cells M 4 subphases IPPMAT interphase prophase prometaphase metaphase anaphase telophase Animal cell cleavage furrow Plant cell cell plate PRACTICE To the left is a picture of all the chromosomes of an animal cell in G1 of the cell cycle Draw what this cell will look like at 1 G2 2 Metaphase 3 After cytokinesis G2 Metaphase Replicates all 2 of each shape synthesized sister chromatins genetically identical After cytokinesis III Cancer How are cancer cells different from other cells Tumor Benign non cancerous this is not cancer o Does not spread it can eventually becomes malignant in some cases
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