EECS140 ANALOG CIRCUIT DESIGN LECTURES ON APPLICATIONS EECS140 ANALOG CIRCUIT DESIGN LECTURES ON APPLICATIONS APP 01 University of California Berkeley College of Engineering Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Robert W Brodersen EECS140 Analog Circuit Design tR I S E Lectures on APPLICATIONS tFALL 1 01 V 1V 0 99V EECS140 ANALOG CIRCUIT DESIGN LECTURES ON APPLICATIONS EECS140 ANALOG CIRCUIT DESIGN LECTURES ON APPLICATIONS APP 02 APP 03 15 20 Years Ago 0d B Telephone Filter A D Converter H 40 d B PCM Codec 60Hz 800Hz 3 4 kHz 5 8 k H z EECS140 ANALOG CIRCUIT DESIGN LECTURES ON APPLICATIONS OUT s s z1 s z1 H S IN s s p 1 s p 1 H H s z 1 j 10 O O S PLANE S j z 1 j 10 EECS140 ANALOG CIRCUIT DESIGN LECTURES ON APPLICATIONS Poles Zero Diagrams Cont EECS140 ANALOG CIRCUIT DESIGN APP 06 LECTURES ON APPLICATIONS Poles Zero Diagrams Cont APP 07 j O Z j z 1 j p 1 O X O S PLANE X The magnitude To find the magnitude use the fact that magnitude of the products equals the product of the magnitudes so that X j z 1 O S j Lets graphically evaluate H here at j O j40 j X i e the j z 1 j z 1 j z 1 j z 1 H j p1 j p1 j p 1 j p 1 p 1 20 j 30 j p 1 H j z 1 j z 1 H j p 1 j p 1 j X APP 05 Poles Zero Diagrams Cont Often what we are really interested in is magnitude and phase at frequency A convenient way of visualizing transfer functions the Laplace Transform X LECTURES ON APPLICATIONS APP 04 Pole Zero Diagrams p 1 20 j 30 EECS140 ANALOG CIRCUIT DESIGN S j H is the product of the lengths of vectors 3 4 divided by the product of the lengths of vectors 1 2 0dB H 40 d B 60Hz 800 Hz 3 4kHz 5 8kHz EECS140 ANALOG CIRCUIT DESIGN LECTURES ON APPLICATIONS EECS140 ANALOG CIRCUIT DESIGN APP 08 Poles Zero Diagrams Cont LECTURES ON APPLICATIONS APP 09 Poles Zero Diagrams Cont j p3 X X O p3 O 3dB f X fO Q f 0dB H 40 d B fO 60Hz 800 Hz EECS140 ANALOG CIRCUIT DESIGN 3 4kHz 5 8kHz LECTURES ON APPLICATIONS Filter Design EECS140 ANALOG CIRCUIT DESIGN LECTURES ON APPLICATIONS APP 10 Specification APP 11 Active RC Filter Continuous Time AMPL dB FREQ LC Prototypes Switched Capacitor Circuits Sampled Data any Amplitude Continuous Time Factorization into 2 Pole 2 Zero sections Biquadratic Chose an Equivalent discrete time structure Use appropriate cont Discrete Transformation i e Bilinear Mapping differentials z 1 Simulate Disirete Time inplementation and compare with original spec DINAP Digital Filter Sampled Data Quantized Amplitude EECS140 ANALOG CIRCUIT DESIGN LECTURES ON APPLICATIONS EECS140 ANALOG CIRCUIT DESIGN LECTURES ON APPLICATIONS APP 12 APP 13 Typical Filter Specifications Continuous time specifications of transfer function H AMPL OUT H H e j I N dB FREQ Amplitude Magnitude in dB 10 log H H Digital Filter H A D EECS140 ANALOG CIRCUIT DESIGN LECTURES ON APPLICATIONS EECS140 ANALOG CIRCUIT DESIGN APP 14 Typical Filter Specifications Cont 2 LECTURES ON APPLICATIONS APP 15 Types of 2 Pole Transfer Functions Lowpass Group Delay Group Delay o H s o 2 s s 2o Q 2 msec FREQ X Group Delay P X j P P j P Q o s 1 s 1 Q 2 o 4 o Q 2 EECS140 ANALOG CIRCUIT DESIGN LECTURES ON APPLICATIONS EECS140 ANALOG CIRCUIT DESIGN APP 16 Types of 2 Pole Transfer Functions Cont LECTURES ON APPLICATIONS Types of 2 Pole Transfer Functions Cont APP 17 Bandpass Lowpass Q H o s Q H s o 2 s s 2o Q Q 1 j P X P o o Q o sP o O 1 o o Q 0 707 H X sP P 2 sP 1 Q 2 sP 2 2 1 P sP 2 o EECS140 ANALOG CIRCUIT DESIGN LECTURES ON APPLICATIONS Types of 2 Pole Transfer Functions Cont Highpass EECS140 ANALOG CIRCUIT DESIGN LECTURES ON APPLICATIONS Types of 2 Pole Transfer Functions Cont Bandstop or Notch s o Q s 2 2o B a n d s t o p 1 2 2 s o s o s2 o s 2o Q Q Highpass 1 Lowpass Bandpass 1 o s 2 2o s Q 1 2 2 s2 s o s o o s 2o Q Q X APP 18 o o Q X j P Q H H P o X O P O o X O j P APP 19 EECS140 ANALOG CIRCUIT DESIGN LECTURES ON APPLICATIONS Types of 2 Pole Transfer Functions Cont All Pass Delay Equalizer j O X P Lowpass Bandpass RQ C V BP O V IN C R Group Delay R H o EECS140 ANALOG CIRCUIT DESIGN V LP LECTURES ON APPLICATIONS State Variable Active RC Filter Cont APP 21 State Variable Active RC Filter P X H LECTURES ON APPLICATIONS APP 20 P 1 2 B a n d p a s s o 2 s o s 2 s 2o Q Q H s 1 2 o 2 2 2 s s o s o s o Q Q EECS140 ANALOG CIRCUIT DESIGN APP 22 EECS140 ANALOG CIRCUIT DESIGN LECTURES ON APPLICATIONS State Variable Active RC Filter Cont R1 1 RF 2 R2 R RQ V IN OUT 1 1 RC s V BP 1 1 RC s 2 R R OUT 1 F 2 F R1 R2 1 R C V LP o2 V IN 1 2 1 s 2 o s 2o s s R C C RC Q 1 o RC RQ Q R V LP APP 23 EECS140 ANALOG CIRCUIT DESIGN LECTURES ON APPLICATIONS State Variable Active RC Filter Cont EECS140 ANALOG CIRCUIT DESIGN APP 24 1 S VB P RC o S 2 V IN 2 1 1 S o S o S S R C Q RC C State Variable Active RC Filter Cont LECTURES ON APPLICATIONS APP 25 Bandstop B a n d s t o p 1 B a n d p a s s 1 V B A N D S T O P V IN V BP Q Note GAIN is Q at o instead of 1 as required for a canonical bandpass All Pass Highpass Allpass 1 2 Bandpass Highpass 1 L o w p a s s B a n d p a s s 2 VALLPASS V IN V BP Q Using a 3 RD OP AMP we form the sum 1 V H I G H P A S S V IN V LP VB P Q EECS140 ANALOG CIRCUIT DESIGN LECTURES ON APPLICATIONS EECS140 ANALOG CIRCUIT DESIGN APP 26 Active RC Filters Integrator or State Variable Configurations Basic Element is the OP AMP Integrator iOUT C IN R Virtual Ground APP 27 Active RC Filters Integrator or State Variable Configurations Cont i OUT i in in 0 i i n i n R …
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