A reaction with a positive G will not occur without added energy such as an enzyme Enzymes lower activation energy Enzymes are most often proteins Recitation 2 Energy diagram Endergonic Exergonic Require input of energy G non spontaneous Thermodynamics G between S and P Kinetics Rate of reaction Adding an enzyme to the reaction Happen spontaneously without the input of energy Generate energy G spontaneous Does not change the free energy of the product Increases the rate of the forward reaction Increases the rate of the reverse reaction Decreases the activation energy of the forward reaction Decrease the activation energy of the reverse reaction Does not change the overall free energy change The bonds that do not break are covalent bonds Gel electrophoresis apply electrical current to separate macromolecules DNA does not have an oxygen on carbon 2 Chargaft Rule The complementary base groups occur in equal concentration A T C G If you increase the concentration of the substrate the rate of reaction will increase until it uses up all of the available enzymes meaning the rate of the reaction will plateau Denaturation The bonds that are being broken are hydrogen bonds Disul de bonds break during denaturation thus sul de bonds are held together by hydrogen bonds
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