Biology of Cancer and AIDs Notes from 9 11 15 Are these real diseases In many cultures obesity is considered a sign of wealth and status o Now generally regarded as a disease o Used to be called a disease in a derogatory way regarded as a weakness and a lack of will o Now we know that it can even be genetic it is a real disease not a weakness o Not until recently were these regarded as real diseases Alcoholism a curse Chronic Fatigue PTSD Defining disease can be hard What is Disease A disease is an abnormal condition of an organism that impairs bodily functions Often used more broadly to refer to any conditions that causes discomfort dysfunction distress social problems and or death to the person afflicted Or similar problem for those in contact with the person Injuries disabilities disorders syndromes infections etc Disease caused my abnormalities in an individual s genetic material genome ex Klinefelter s syndrome Down syndrome Turner Syndrome 3 Broad Categories 1 Infectious Disease 2 Genetic Disease Pathogen mediated Specific organisms or combination of organism 3 Environmental Disease Cigarette smoke Radon 2nd leading cause of lung cancer in US Lead Poisoning What kind of disease is Cancer Infectious o Some kinds of cancer can be cause by infections HPV Bacterial infections Genetic Passed on through family Environmental Exposure o o o Allograft Theory Contagious cancers Devil Facial Tumor Disease Scientific Methods Initial Observations and Questions Hypothesis and Predictions Experiments and data collection Exposure to large amount of certain chemicals toxins can cause cancers Analysis of the data to test hypothesis Summarize results tables graphs etc Discuss limitations and conclusions Identify future research needs improvements further testing A THEORY is a well tested well documented explanation that is well supported by evidence Important Milestones in Biology Robert Hooke 1630 1703 Anton van Leeuwenhoek changed o States that o In 1665 first person to design a compound microscope and coined the term cell o In 1674 first person to make a single lens microscope and observe single celled organism When Schlieden and Schwann proposed the cell theory in 1838 cell biology research was forever All life forms are more from one or more cells The cell is the smallest form basic unit of life Spontaneous generation later disproved by Louis Pasteur o Disproved spontaneous generation overall later confirming the herm theory of disease and Louis Pasteur 1822 1895 inventing the process of pasteurization Rudolph Virchow o Recognized cells dividing Modern Cell Theory All known living things are made up of cells Structural and functional unit of all living things The germ theory of Medicine also called the Pathogenic Theory of Medicine proposes that microorganisms are the cause of many diseases Proven by Louis Pasteur
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