Arch 250 1st Edition Lecture 25 Outline of Lecture 24I. Menier FactoryII. E. V. Haughwout Department StoreIII. The Chicago SchoolIV. Home Insurance Company BuildingV. Monadnock BuildingVI. Reliance BuildingVII. Marshall Field & Co.VIII. South State sectionIX. Auditorium BuildingX. Guaranty BuildingXI. Carson Pirie Scott Department StoreOutline of Lecture 25I. Daniel Burnham and the American CityII. Chicago’s World Faira. Administration BuildingIII. Boston Public LibraryIV. Pennsylvania Station“Make No Little Plans: Daniel Burnham and the American City” (Video)“What role did Burnham and Root play in the development of the Columbia Exposition?”Burnam designed the vast site plan and convinced architects to give it a chance. Root died before completed. Burnam is director of construction, took on Root’s work“What are some of the challenges Burnham faced in planning the Columbian Exposition?”Medical facilities, fireproofing, power, clean water, dying construction workers“How big is the Manufacturers and Liberal Arts Building?”32 acres“What most impressed visitors to the Columbian Exposition?”Sheer size, architecture itself, amusements, wonders of the world, sense of organized spaceThese notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor’s lecture. GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes, not as a substitute.What did Burnham think the legacy of the fair should be?America is heir of western traditionClassical language creates a positive environmentCities should be planned to fit legacy and needs of peopleChicago World’s Fair // 1893Celebrated discovery of New World by Christopher Columbus (hence Columbian Exhibition)Colombia: peace and prosperityNational Commission responsible for overall planRichard Morris Hunt (Ecole des Beaux-Arts) head of boardDaniel Burnham and John Wellborn Root: consulting architectsFrederick Law Olmsted: Landscape designShowcased latest inventions in agriculture, machinery, manufacturing, and artsSmall cityIntegrated into public transportation (railways and streetcars)Landscape of ponds, rivers, and islandsMidway Plaisance projects towards the WestBuildings made to be temporaryIron and timber framesStaf: plaster + cement + jute fibers“White City” originally intended to be many colors, ran out of timeStatue of The Republic, expresses United States’ status as a democracyDaniel Chester FrenchFaces central Administration buildingMain buildings:AgricultureMachineryTowers reminiscent of Baroque RomeInterior looks like a factory, shows iron framing, steam powered machinesElectricityManufacturers32 acresReference to ancient roman architectureEntrance looks like Roman triumphal archFine ArtsDecorative Greek elementsBuilt a little better to protect art insideLarger than life Caryatid columns reference Temple of Athena Polias on AcropolisCornices on every building is at same height, uniformityAdministration Building:Colossal paired columnsBaroque domeRoofline decorated with sculptureFour pavilions emphasize corners, invite into main entranceIonic columnsExternal electric lighting used for first time (AC)Ferris wheel“Villages” around the worldColumbian Fountain (French)Statue of carter and horse along main basin (French)Bison statues survive in Humboldt ParkLegacy:Shaped expectations of a fairIntroduced people to cultures and styles from around the worldInfluence on construction of public buildings during 19th and 20th centuriesBoston Public Library // Boston // 1887 – 95 // McKim, Mead, and WhiteFirst large free municipal library in USExample of Renaissance Beaux-Arts ClassicismBarrel vault with arches, apse, and coffers hides structuresHallways decorated with muralsPennsylvania Station // New York, NY // 1902 – 11 // McKim, Mead, White8 acresBeaux-Arts decorationStructure of steel and glassEmphasis of corners and clear entrance ref. Columbian ExpositionInspiration from Baths of Caracalla in RomeMain room with thermal windows, coffered vaults, Corinthian columnsColossal scaleTorn down in