PSY 113 1st Edition Lecture 30Outline of Last Lecture I. Types of Mental Health ProfessionalsII. Therapy ConsiderationsIII. Therapy at a DistanceIV. Who Seeks TreatmentV. Psychological TherapyVI. Cognitive TherapyOutline of Current LectureI. Cognitive Reconstructuring of Distorted ThinkingII. Rational Emotive TherapyIII. Biological TherapiesIV. Medical Side EffectsCurrent LectureHealing the Disordered Mind: Approaches to TherapyCognitive Therapies1. Cognitive Restructuring2. Rational Emotive Behavioral Therapy (RET)3. Cognitive-Behavioral therapy (CBT)Cognitive Restructuring of Distorted Thinking-Cognitive errors: All-or-Nothing thinkingEx. Roommate telling you about the terrible day they have had, but you feel like they’re exaggerating. No in between or gray area, thinking in the extremes-Arbitrary InferenceMaking a judgement with no facts to back up your conclusion-Emotional ReasoningInstead of using common sense, people let emotions make their decisions for them-Magnification and MinimizationYou magnify something into something that it’s not and draw it out of proportion, or you minimize it thinking something is not so important. Ex. You get a message from financial aid saying your form hasn’t been signed and needs to be signed by noon. Minimizing it you might blow it off as unimportant and then not get financial aid-OvergeneralizationYou have one bad experience and you generalize it into thinking that every experience is going tobe bad.Rational Emotive Therapy: Irrational Assumptions-version of cognitive therapy (by Albert Ellis)-confrontational therapist-disputes Client’s beliefsThese notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor’s lecture. GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes, not as a substitute.-How it works:- Activating event (lose your job)- Belief (how awful it is to lose my job… I must be worthless)- Emotional and behavioral consequence (depression and withdrawl)- Rational intervention occurs at the belief stage – challenge the belief (losing your job had nothing to do with your self-worth)- Give new effective philosophy (I’m okay, I won’t give up, I can find another job)- New feelings (It’s okay to feel frustrated, I won’t give up)Biological therapiesMajor Classes of Psychoactive Medications-antianxiety-antidepressants-mood stabilizers-antipsychotics (typical vs. atypical)-13.3 million to 27 million-use of psychotherapy reducedClicker Question:-America has become a drug dependent society for psychological problems despite numerous harmful side effectsMost popular answer: AgreeOther Biological TherapiesElectro Convulsive Therapy (ECT)-clip from One Flew Over the Cuckoos Nest-person has electric current sent through them, causing small seizures, should make them feel betterADHD and Neurofeedback – effective?-child playing a game controlled by the electrodes in his mind, only works when brain activity is calmed and on a certain level then it activates the game-not a lot of positive results from research Most common treatment for autism-providing ABA therapy for children with autism-ABA = applied behavior analysisADHD medications and long term benefits?-gave children a stimulant medication that caused learning problems, children had remarkable turnarounds in school-gave rise to using stimulants (amphetamines) to children who were overactive. They don’t have enough activity in their brain to control their behavior-helps you regulate your behavior-paradoxical hypothesisSide Effects of Medication for SchizophreniaTardive Dyskinesia-woman who was given medication for schizophrenia and suffered from tardive dyskinesia: woman develops involuntary spasms and muscle control esp around her mouth and tongueAlternative treatments for major depression disorder equal to medication-alternatives have outcomes equal to medication-exercise 30 min 3 times a week moderate exercise-mindfulness-based cognitive therapy (yoga, meditation states)Clicker Question-Medications for anxiety disorder that tranquilize and reduce brain activity are called?Answer: BarbituratesSmartphone apps for dialectical behavioral therapy (DBT)-treating borderline personality disorders-helps reduce symptoms of person with borderline personality disorder-bonus question comparing couples dealing with infidelity vs couples in therapy with other stuff-couples with infidelity enter therapy with more distress and still leave with some, still at