PSY 113 1st Edition Lecture 22Outline of Last Lecture I. Review!a. Attatchment theoryb. Cognitive developmentc. Kohlberg’s moral reasoningd. Erikson’s psychosocial stages of adulthoodOutline of Current LectureI. What is personality?II. Testing PersonalityIII. Psychodynamic theoriesIV. Psychologists’ theories on personalityV. Trait theoriesCurrent LectureChapter 12 – The Individual Mind – PERSONALITY-Suicidal Pilot who committed mass murder and crashed an airplane:- 28 year old Andreas Lubitz- Was not on a terror list- Had 630 hours of flight timeImportant Questions in Studying Personality-to what extent is a person’s personality truly unique?-how much do our personalities overlap with others?-how consistent or inconsistent is our behavior across time and across situations?-how much of a role does biology or experience play in developing our personalities?-is the basic nature of humans good or bad?Personality?-it’s a pattern we can recognize in people by the way they consistently think, feel, and act or behave. A recognizable, measurable pattern of characteristics- Psychoanalytic perspective- Trait perspective- Social learning perspective- Humanistic personalityHow to Test Your Personality?-Which part of the toothpaste do you squeeze? From the middle, roll from bottom, squeeze from top, new tube (don’t use toothpaste – antisocial personality).Does this description fit you?These notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor’s lecture. GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes, not as a substitute.-it’s going to describe everybody because it’s a general description with lots of contradictionsPsychodynamic Theories-Freudian theory- Freud-Neo-Freudian approaches- Alfred Adler- Carl Jung- HorneyFreudian Personality Structure-Id- Pleasure- Gratification-Ego-Superego- Social Rules- MoralFreudian Defense Mechanisms-repression-regression-displacement-denial-reaction formation-rationalization-projection-subliminationNeo-Freudians: Alfred Adler-inferiority complex-overcompensation-parents and siblings influence- Birth orderCarl Jung-personal and collective unconscious-individual differences-archetypes – how people share a collective unconscious, things in everyone’s minds around the world about good, evil, dark, light, heroes, villans.Karen Horney-emphasized the impact of a male-dominated society on women-male envy of pregnancy and motherhood-early relationships- Helplessness- Basic anxiety- Need for love and powerHumanistic Theories-every person is a unique individual-innately good-driven to achieve personal fulfillment- Abraham Maslow- Carl Rogers- The role of culture-it leads you to achievement and self-fulfillment; people have more positive personality traitsHumanistic Theories – Abraham Maslow-personality results from motivation-need fulfilment-exceptional people had common traitsHumanistic Theories – Carl Rogers-humans strive towards Self-actualization-congruent vs. incongruent with your real self-people need positive unconditional regard so you can be yourself and your real personality can develop.If you’re being judged all the time, your real personality cannot develop and emerge-unconditional positive regard leads to self-actualization and your personality is consistent or congruent with oneself-people receiving conditional regard through judgement, it causes self-discrepancies and gives you an incongruent personality developmentTrait Theories-early trait theories-the big