PSYC 3303 1nd Edition Lecture 19 Outline of Last Lecture I. AlcoholA. PharmacologyB. Effects C. Chronic AbuseD. GeneticsE. TreatmentOutline of Current Lecture II. Psychotropic Meds A. Biomed ModelIII. Mental DisordersA.Classification of Mental DisordersB.Treatment Before 1950C.Treatment TodayIV. AntipsychoticsA. SchizophreniaB. EtiologyCurrent LectureII. Psychotropic Meds (Drugs for treating Schiz/Mood DisordersA. Biomed Model:Based on the fact that:- Illness is a SET of symptoms- Different symptoms=different causes- Abnormal thoughts+feelings=abnormal biochem processPrimary treatment for mentally ill revolve around drugsHow it works:- Returns biochem process to more normal stateThese notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor’s lecture. GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes, not as a substitute.- Have symptoms – diagnosis – cause – cure (return to normal state)Many illnesses are treated with drugs so there is support for theory of abnormal biochem processes theory.III. Mental Disorders:A. Classification:Ways of defining mental disorders based on:- Deviation from normal (not always bad if deviate from norm, e. g. a genius, so have to have cultural norm issue too.)- Cultural criteria (walk around naked)- Personal distress (personal suffering caused by disorder)- Legal definition (can’t judge right from wrong)B. Treatment Before 1950:- 1917 – intro malaria therapy to treat general paralysis- 1920 – Use of barbiturates + depressants (to sedate mentally ill)- 1933 – Insulin for schizophrenia (diabetic shock, not effective)- 1930s – Electroconvulsive shocks (ECT) to induce epileptic seizures (to reset brain). Still used today, with anesthesia, for people that are drug resistant for depression, OCD. May cause some memory loss.- Frontal Lobotomy: Been around for a long time. Thought to release “evil”. W. Friedman:i. 40s scientistii. Saw that reduced fear in monkeys so tried it on people.iii. Disconnect frontal lobeiv. Published only positive resultsv. Many became vegetables (loss of motivation)C. Treatment Today (“lobotomy”):- No radical disconnect (of brain)- In some cases some lesions made to SPECIFIC areas for OCD, tremors treatment.- Stimulate other areas- AntipsychoticsIV. Antipsychotics- 1950s – development of groups of drugs=phenothiazine (“major tranquillizers”). Table p.g. 366- Block dopamine- Newer drugs also block serotonin recept- Not addicting, relatively safe from OD potential- Main side effect: Tardive dyskinesia (jerky movements of lips, lip-smacking, motor movement probs)- Narrow Therapeutic window, new generation – larger windowA. Schizophrenia:- Positive vs negative symptoms- Positive: disorganized speech, etc (Type 1, more prevalent)- Negative: catatonia (rigid, prolonged body posture, lack emotional response), Type II- Positive, Type I: Responsive to drugs (blocks dopamine, there is too much)- Negative, Type II: Not responsive to drug treatment (atrophy of brain, so drugs not responsive)B. Etiology:- Unknown if clear genetic influence or environment- Twins study shows high genetics but not 100% so not only genetics- MRI scans show increase in ventricular space when
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