PSYC 3303 1st Edition Lecture 9 Outline of Last Lecture I. Review of Tobacco and NicotineII. CaffeineA. Caffeine FamilyB. Caffeine as a drugC. DependenceD. Effects and Health RisksOutline of Current Lecture III. CaffeinismIV. SteroidsA. Use in sports and why do Athletes UseB. Historical UseC. Ergogenic ActionD. Used In?E. Hazards/Side EffectsCurrent LectureIII. CaffeinismHealth Risks, linked to: - Osteoporosis (alters calcium intake)- Breast CancerBut, ultimately, much research is inconclusive.We know less about effects in children. Highest caffeine intake in children between 1 to 5years (sodas etc.)These notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor’s lecture. GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes, not as a substitute.Article, case report: Mr A (Japanese man) was a habitual coffee drinker (20 cups a day), showed signs of hyperactivity and mania (thought he was the reincarnation of Buddah) and ended up in mental hospital where he could not consume caffeine – symptoms stopped. When released, he started drinking coffee again – symptoms started again.Lethal Dose 80 to 100 cupsADHD does not involve Adenosine therefore cannot be treated with caffeine.II. SteroidsA. Use in sports and why:Very high use in Universities of performance enhancing drugs.Why?- Importance given to sports is distorted- Sports used to judge academic institutions- Winning=more money- Scholarships/endorsements- Psyc rewards (feeling good about oneself)- Pressure of not winning- Competitiveness- Why not? They can get away with murder if good enoughInstitutions/parents/coaches will hide it. Example: Mother stepped up after discovering son wasusing, everyone denied, even received death threats.B. Historical Use:Early greek Olympians (mushrooms)1800 to early 1900s - rat poison (strychnine to minimize fatigue), cocaine, caffeine1940- amphetamines1950- German female athletes arrived for Olympics with beards (because of steroid use)Sport Illustrated – one of the first that “blew the whistle” regarding steroid use in ahletes.Major League main issues=amphetaminesTexas Cowboys=cocaineIn 2006 baseball– 28 players diagnosed with ADHD (exemption from drug ban for ADHD meds, amphetamines.2007, after ban – 103 players with ADHD (200% INCREASE in one year??)Look at “Dugs…in focus” pg 298NASCAR – self-police . Trust, if violate – OUT! In TX- “tests cost too much, we have no prob” . Used testing results BUT testing was done on ALL kids (even Chess and Band Players so % resulted low overall).C. Ergogenic (performance enhancing) Action:Based on:- Androgenic effect: male sex characteristics - Anabolic effect: Increase muscle mass- Some effects not desirable in women looking for anabolic effects (make muscle mass, not male characteristics- Opposite is Adenocorticoid (lose muscle)Testosterone – very complicated hormone. Many ways in which it can be manipulated. Chemists- steroids not detectable.D. Used in?- Horseracing (is allowed on horses)- In food (big chicken breasts) – could be linked to early puberty in kidsE. Hazards of Anabolic :- Effect on hormone system- Liver dysfunction- Psychological probs – megorexia (opposite of anorexia, view as girly not strong even if big muscles. “Roid rage”- Premature closing of growth plates- E.g. Hans and Franz videoView pg 300 Table
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