THE ENLIGHTENMENTInductive vs. DeductiveInductive-.Observation-.generalizationsFrance in 18th century - The philipineso People questioned how? Why? The dominant initial force was not belief but reason- Reasono Belif or reason or “belief and reason”Later 12th century - The enlightenment begins with philosopher writerso Like Pierre Bayle- Who set belief against reasono Historical and critical Dictionaryo Pre philosopher But a big influence- Questioningo What do we believeo Why do we believe ito Should we believe itDe Montesguieu- Law and justice- (French) societyo Publishes Lettres Persans (Persian letters)o This was a smokecreen to avoid church and government oppositiono if the government and the church didn’t like what you wrote/asked there were ways to deal with youo Lettre de cachet (to hide) Sends yout to a state prison like th BastilleVoltare-- Crtiques of French society (often through satire)o Looked for “philosopher king”Marquise de Chatelet-- Translater of Isaac Newton’s Principa into FrenchDiderot (t D’Alembert)- 1st editor of the encyclopedia- 1751-1765 total of 17 volumes- 1770-by subscription- 4500 subscribers- Coast 1000 livreso 1 livre 10 us dollarso You could buy a through bred horse for 100 livreso =150 contributers 1000s of articles of large engravings and last almost anti-philosophe- Jean Jacus Rousseauo Childhood/education Not evil but good or at least neutral=education thru games questions gentlenesso Fellings Natural Trustworthy Good guideo Law/liberty/government People should be governed by who they choose- General
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