World civ reviewIsabelle and Ferdinand, CC explores for them. Thought he would arrive at the Indies.Ceuta- had gold?Technology- ships (caravel), navigational devices (shipboard artillery, astrolabe, compass)Monsoons in Indian Ocean every year, for months. Needed some place to stay, Malacca. France: Henry VII- King, makes all laws, has -duc de sully, highly intelligent, improved infrastructure and did more to get revenue for France1610- Henry murdered, left country in hands of :-De medici and Richelieu- decided France needed an absolute monarch “The state is me”, problems are succession, he picks his own successor. Cardinal Mazarin, becomes boss of beginning of next generation. Aggravates people. Fronde, a sling, broke windows because of noble’s street gangsLouis XIV grows up, becomes “center of state”, absolutismCobert, an economist, works with Louis XIV to restructe state and control the economy.Mercantilism- limit imports, push exports to bring revenue into the state, monitor everything in economyFrance taxes salt (requires everyone to buy it from government) Louis XIV- the sun king, house of Versailles, left france with glory, and debtEdict of nantes- treaty promoted religious toleranceHenry XII- very distant claim to the throne, competition for throne, won battle of Bosworth and eliminated anyone who possibly could’ve gained the throne. Intelligent and able administrator. Makes everyone in the state fearful all the time. Put together a stable state and passed it on. Henry IX- Mary Rose. First wife wouldn’t give any sons, can’t get a divorce because of the Catholic Church. Pope wouldn’t give divorce, so he quits the church and sets up his own church, appoints his archbishop of Canterbury. Finds Anglican church. Happening during Protestant revolution. Bible is translated in local language, writes separate prayer book. Gets rid of first wife, second gives daughter, third gives him son. 2 daughters and 1 son. Son takes over at age fifteen. Becomes about religion. People who disagree with Henry- Puritans, wanted to purify henry’s church, didn’t like what they saw. Mary becomes queen afterwards, executes people at stake because went against her (Bloody mary)Half sister Elizabeth takes over after 5 years when Mary dies, very able, manipulative, no treasury, no standing army, small navy. Had to face Spain who hit the jackpot in mexico and SA- silver. Becomes rich and powerful. Elizabeth had to fend off Spain. Look up how. She has no heirs, people are anxious James VI- second cousin of Elizabeth, James VI of Scotland, James of EnglandStuarts- last until 1688England has bicameral legis- house of commons (merchants) and house of lords (rich) both control money. Charles tries to abolish parliament.Charles- absolute monarch, tries to be parliament, Right Wing Anglican, very conservative views of Anglican church. Puritans are punished because king doesn’t like what theyre doing. Civil war between parliament and king. King tried for treason. Parliament cant run it. Oliver Cromwell is lord protector (basically king).Charles II becomes king. Restoration. Smart, doesn’t push too hard so civil war won’t reoccur. Parliament runs more. His son, a catholic, becomes king. Parliament won’t tolerate it, they push him out. Bring in William and Mary, who become the first constitutional monarchs in English history. Servants of state, but controlled with parliament. 100 years war- long, war in which England had strong claims to western france, while increasingly Frenchgovernor of france pushes them Science in Revolt-Everyone thought sun revolved around the world. Copernicus publishes book that sun doesn’t revolve around worldSupernova seen, realize the universe does changeKeppler- ellipticals proven by mathematicsGalileo and Keppler used facts to prove truth of observations- inductiveMontesque- critiques France in a novel, sadMost books published in Amsterdam in Netherlands because were tolerant and would publish themRosseau- influential in children, education, feelings, and politics. Published a series of books. Children arenot little adults, can be formed into anything by education. Feelings are natural and should be expressed.Don’t worry about last five people on listOba- kingBronzes in beninSwahili- trade stretched as far as