Review For Last Exam Fourth Exam 1 Society science and culture in late 19 th century Western Europe a People Louis Pasteur pasteurization started out with the germ theory Sir Joseph Lister English Doctor surgeon though to sterilize instruments to reduce germs less deaths occur due to surgery now Napoleon III Louis Napoleon Ruled France helped in modernizing city from medieval to modern city Baron Haussmann knocking housing to make boulevards from the middle of the cities making it also harder to rebel Karl Marx invented communism great theory but didn t actually work John Snow He found out that Cholera is related to water that comes from the water pumps WILL BE ON THE EXAM b Places London capital city of Great Britain know the location Paris know the location c Terms Cholera symptoms diarrhea vomiting water carries these germs due the sewer system using the same water for water pumps Miasma Great clod of great bad smelling air that made you sick pollution Anthrax Louis Pasteur made this first vaccine Boulevard big wide streets lots in Paris shows that it is a modern city Omnibus Bus Latin term For everyone Electric trolley invented after electricity Metro underground system of transit Commuter self explanatory Industrialist believes in country should continue to modernize Capitalist believes in no government intervention Dynamo early electric generator 2 Western Imperialism 1 People Commodore Perry Mathew opened up japan to trade with other countries in the west using gunboat diplomacy threating a nation to attack using gunboats and arms if they don t trade with them Sayyid Said Ruler of China 1804 1806 Ruler from the middle east developed colonies in Africa and moved them to Zohar Boers Europeans who colonized South Africa Dutch Afrikaners Tokugawa Shoganut 16th century to mid 19 century Japanese did not want to trade with the west Meji Emperor Resume direct control over japan rapid modernization rail road s everywhere and succeed Tokugawa Pu yi last emperor of china communism in 1949 and still remains so b Places Japan you should know where that is Madagascar know where it is Zanzibar know where it is South Africa know where that is German Southwest Africa know where that is Abyssinia also known as Ethiopia know where it is India you should know where that is c Terms Colonialism took place in Europe Europeans went to non European places Colonies foreign holding of non European places and Europeans take over non European land Tariffs taxes mainly on imports also on exports Opium bad drug kills you Chinese get addicted to this new source of trade by the Britain but Chinese before only used to exchange hard coin but Britain took advantage of this and made profit Slave Trade Trans Atlantic slave trade Britain banned it in 1807 and in U S 1808 Palm oil used to make silk new African export Cocoa beans new African export Sepoy Indian native soldiers in India hurts British control over south continent The Opium War British sells opium to china illegally china objects war happens china loses and has to give Britain land in return The Scramble for Africa 1870 s and 1880 s European countries can t attack themselves so they try to gain as much land as possible from Africa The Great Trek Boers Afrikaners start at the coast they moved to cavel ranch already people there Eubantos which causes war Battle of Adua Adowa main war between Italian and Ethiopian war Ethiopian win Tokugawa Shogunate extreme isolation in japan Russo Japan War war between Japan Russia Japan wins shocks European countries because this proves that japan is a major world power Boxer Rebellion secret society Blood bath occurs against the influences in china European countries attack china since Chinese attack white people Tiping Rebellion unsuccessful rebellion against Britain led by Said to be the younger brother of Jesus blood bath again 3 Nation building in the western Hemisphere a People Dom Pedro I Ruler of Brazil declares himself emperor Charles III Carlos III king of Spain develops casa de contraction board of trade free trade in Spanish colonies in South America Jose Gabriel Condorcanqui Tupac Amaru II rebellion in Peru fairly successful but put down by the viceroy Ferdinand VII king of Spain opposed Joseph came on throne than Simon Bolivar George Washington of South America frees countries like Venezuela Abraham Lincoln president of United States first republican Theodore Roosevelt Teddy set of Spanish American war charges uphill Bumiec mountain dog Teddy Roosevelt b Places South American Know where it is Brazil Know where it is Rio de Janeiro Know where it is Buenos Aires Know where it is Texas Know where it is Mexico Know where it is The Alamo Know where it is The confederacy southern half of United States Peru Know where it is c Terms Classes in Spanish Colonies ordered by number from highest to lowest 1 Peninsular Spanish people born in Spain 2 Creole Spanish people born in new world European born to Spanish parents 3 Mestizo children of Europeans and South American people mainly men Mixed 4 Mulatto children of European black slaves Casa de contratacion Board of trade Carlos power of trade in the new world Viceroy Viceroyalty legally appointed governor of South America and colony king Audiencia advisory consul advice viceroy make up of peninsulares Comun comunero people person rebel Casta caste people mixed race Gunboat diplomacy invented by commodore Mathew Parry Articles of Confederation 1st set of rules applied to U S colonies state fight among themselves The constitution in Philadelphia made new set of rights States rights slavery debate federal government argues which leads to civil war Cotton cash crop mostly in south needed slaves to grow which drives slave trade South American Wars of Liberation Simon Bolivar South America gains independence from Spain Constitutional Convention 1789 made by general men The Louisiana Purchase U S purchases from France because Napoleon Bonaparte needs money most of the area around Mississippi Missouri Compromise wants to enter country as slave trade but this will lead to an unbalance in slave and Free states so Maine is added as a free state to balance free and slave states Texas war for independence part of Mexico wins independence and applies to us but leads to next term The Mexican War us gains more of southwest from the war European Immigration European come to U S potato famine drives Irish to U S because diet of Irish it potato and milk The potato famine occurs