Islamic States Turkey Persia and India Outline Recap the rise of Islam Ottoman empire Safavid empire Mughal empire Cultural change and exchange Rise of Islam Muhammad Mecca and Medina Islam submission to submit to god Muslims those who submit to god o Split Sunni secular and spiritual separate Shiites secular and spiritual together in descendant of Muhammad Other forces move in Mongols Turks nomadic people Tumur Tamerlane 1336 1405 Samarkand capital 3 main empires emerge o Ottoman o Safavid o Mughal Ottoman Empire Seljuk Turks predecessors Osman Utahman 1299 1326 founder o Leader of the ghazis frontier raiders o Conquest over parts of Byzantine empire Anatolia Balkans o Conquest no OBILITERATION Sultan Mehmet 2 o 1451 1481 1453 Constantinople falls o Becomes Istanbul Expand into the Middle East and North Africa Suleiman 1 o The magnificent 1520 1566 Widest geographical extent Cyprus and Bagdad Peace of Augsburg recognition for Lutheran Protestants Reformed the political bureaucratic and financial system the Law giver Fading o Treaty of Karlowitz 1699 o Tsar Nicholas 1 the sick man of Europe 1922 falls Centralized political system o Sultan o Provincial governors o Police officers o Military general o Heads of treasuries o Viziers chief assistants to governors Slavery o Devishirme sultan s agents search countryside for Christian boys to become slaves o Janissaries elite army corps o Timar land held by a noble during his lifetime o Concubines sultan did not marry Safavid Empire in Persia Isma il o 1487 1524 o Shah king 3 sources of power o Qizillbash redheads Turkish Sufis Islamic mystics o Urban bureaucrats Shi a faith state religion o Isma il descendent of Muhammad o Persecuted and exiled Sunni Ulama religious scholars who interpret the Qur an and the sunna the deeds and saying of Muhammad Shah Abbas o 1587 1629 o Moved capital from Qazvin to Isfahan o Captured Baghdad Mosul and Diarbakr Mughal Empire in India Babur o o o o Akbar 1483 1530 Founder 1504 captures Kabul 1526 defeated sultan of Delhi at Panipat o o o o 1556 1605 Expansionist policies Persian official language Centralized bureaucracy 4 ministers Finance and revenue The army and intelligence The judiciary and religious patronage The imperial household Jahangir 1605 1628 o Bengal Shah Jahan 1628 1658 o Northwest frontier Aurangzeb 1658 1707 o Southern India Cultural change and exchange Carpet making o Shah Abbas A national industry Isfahan 25 000 weavers Miniature painting o Akbar 24 000 books Cities and palaces o Suleiman the magnificent Istanbul o Mimar sinana Designed 312 buildings Suleimaniye mosque o Shah Jahan Taj Mahal Gardens o Prayer meditation leisure and revelry Intellectual advances o Mathematics geography o Astronomy medicine o Piri reis Book of the sea o Abu Ahmet Celebi Study on kidney and bladder stones Founded the first ottoman medical school Coffee houses o Origins Yemen Sufis Business lubricant Conversation and male sociability
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