ES 106 Study Guide for Final Exam Karen Brown Spring 2006 In addition to this study guide be sure to look over the other two study guides provided this term Be sure to learn the terms since your understanding of the material hinges on knowing the vocabulary used to discuss the subject Chapter summaries and software that came with the textbook may also be helpful The final exam will be comprehensive in the material that it covers I plan to structure the final exam much more like the first midterm instead of using exam software from the textbook publisher Be sure to use your review question sets from earlier and check the answers for the third set since you will turn your third set in on Friday Check the college final exam schedule for the day and time of your final There is a link to it in the header of my home page If you cannot take the final as scheduled we you and I must make a request of the Dean of Arts and Sciences for permission to have your final on an alternate day It is not common that a student will be given this permission special circumstances must exist Terms to know from Unit 3 Aphelion Humid continental climate Arid climate Humid subtropical climate Biomass fuel Ice cap climate Carbon fixation Ice sheet Climate system Ice shelf Continental shelf Interglacial Crevasse Loess Deranged drainage Marine west coast climate Eccentricity Mild mid latitude climate Highland climate Monsoon climate Feedback loop Moraine Fiord Nuclear fission Geothermal power Obliquity Glacial Oxygen isotope ratio Glacial drift Perihelion Glacial striation Photovoltaic cell Glacial surge Pleistocene Epoch Hanging valley Pluvial lake Polar climate Precession Rain shadow desert Rock flour Savannah climate Seasonal temperature contrast Severe mid latitude climate Steppe climate Thermal expansion Tidal power Tropical rain forest Tundra climate U shaped valley Valley alpine glacier Wind power Zone of accumulation Zone of wastage These are arranged by category at the end of each chapter Climate Know the major divisions of Koppen climate system and the type of information needed to classify climates Know the general characteristics of the climate types listed in the terms above Climates are influenced by latitude due to unequal heating of Earth Understand the role of latitude circulation of the atmosphere and ocean elevation and land water relationships have on specific climates Glaciers Glaciers are powerful moving masses of ice formed from recrystallization of snow They erode by plucking rocks and grinding and scraping these against their beds They move from their zone of accumulation to their zone of wastage The position of the end of a glacier is related to its snow budget and the speed of its movement There have been more than a dozen major ice sheet advances in the past 3 million years Ice ages Causes include changes in the eccentricity of Earth s orbit change in axial tilt obliquity and precession of the direction of axial tilt These are superimposed upon one another leading to the likelihood of glaciation Polar land masses appear to be necessary for ice ages to occur Ice age temperatures are documented in sea sediment oxygen isotope ratios more O 18 than at other times indicates a cooler temperature Oxygen ratios are preserved in the remains of marine organisms A number of positive feedback mechanisms have been discovered or hypothesized that enhance formation of ice sheets Know information about these feedback mechanisms o Albedo ice and cloud o Carbon dioxide levels causes and effects o Sea level and how it influences other mechanims o Nutrient trace element availability Climate change global warming Coming soon
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