Academic Excellence ShowcaseThursday, May 27• Two points credit for each talk you attend in Earth science– 8:30 to 10:30 AM, in NS 101General Science video productions: “Energy”–9:00 to 11:00 AM, in NS 2189:00 to 11:00 AM, in NS 218Geology of sedimentary formations in Oregon Coast Range• One point credit for every four Earth Science posters you investigate in the Pacific Room of Werner Centerinvestigate in the Pacific Room of Werner Center– 11:30 AM to 1:00 PM–Attend the “Medical Geology: effect of environment on health” gyposters. (Those on poli-sci, math or physical education will NOT count for credit…)Must submit worksheets/ summaries and attendance tickets of each talk or poster for credit• Link to worksheets, instructions, presentations:htt // d / b k/ES106/A d i E ll Sh dfhttp://www.wou.edu/~brownk/ES106/AcademicExcellenceShowcase.pdfClimateEarth ScienceEarth ScienceChapter 20Pages 560-573Elements of weather and climate• TemperatureRange of temperature–Range of temperature– Seasonal temperature pattern• Rainfall–Overall rainfallOverall rainfall – Seasonal distribution of rainfallCdt tittil–Compared to evaporation potential• Pressure– Predominant pressureSeasonal fluctuation of pressure–Seasonal fluctuation of pressureWeather vs ClimateWeather vs. Climate• Climate is the weather you expect•Weather is what you get whether youWeather is what you get, whether you expect it or not•(Note: if you spell it ‘whether’ (ote youspe t eteit has a different meaning)Atmospheric CirculationAtmospheric CirculationOcean circulationOcean circulationJan and July tempsJan and July tempsValues used for Koppen SystemValues used for Koppen System• Overall temperature•Evaporation compared to precipitationEvaporation compared to precipitation• Absolute rainfall• Rainfall distribution•Extreme temperature•Extreme temperatureWorld climate mapWorld climate mapKoppen Climate SystemKoppen Climate System•Atropical: wet, monsoon, dry w/s•Bdry: desert/steppe low/mid latitudeBdry: desert/steppe, low/mid latitude• C humid mid-latitude, mild winter: td ‘tt’wet summer, dry summer ‘west coast’•D humid mid-latitudesevere winterud dat tudese e e te• E polar: tundra, ice cap• H highland: modified version of local lowland area—cooler, moister,Af Tropical rainforestAf Tropical rainforestA Tropical climatesA Tropical climates• NEVER COLD•Rain forest—always wetRain forestalways wet• Monsoon—extreme seasonal rainfall• Savannah—very dry monthsA Climatic diagramsA Climatic diagramsMonsoon ClimateMonsoon Climatehttp://www.freewebs.com/scienceandsociety/summermonsoonpdem2.gifTropical MonsoonTropical Monsoon• Due to arrival of ITCZ in a local area at a certain season• ITCZ migrates out of area, leaving a distinct dry seasondistinct dry season• Southern Asia, Sothwestern Pacific islands, Western Equatorial Africa, Northeastern South America,Northeastern South America,Aw Tropical SavannahAw Tropical SavannahTropical SavannaTropical Savanna• Never cold•Pronounced dry season: lasts longer thanPronounced dry season: lasts longer than wet seasonWt i ’t t•Wet season isn’t as wet as monsoon climateSubtropical desertSubtropical deserthttp://www.gerber-travel.ch/Tours/libya_1999_5.htmB Dry climatesB Dry climates• EVAPORATION POTENTIAL EXCEEDS PRECIPITATION• Low latitude deserts always warmSbt i lhih–Subtropical high pressure– 20°-30° N and S of equator• Mid latitude deserts can be quite coldFurther poleward than low latitude deserts–Further poleward than low latitude deserts– Rain shadow effectCold deserthttp://www.asphalto.org/?user_id=907&PHPSESSID=a55...B Cilmate DiagramsB Cilmate DiagramsSteppe ClimateSteppe Climate• Transition from desert climate to another climate next to the desert• Not as dry as desertDth ti dt•Desert has more evaporation compared to rainfall than steppeDt k•Dessert: mmm….cake (Do you see they are spelled differently?)Subtropical SteppeSub-tropical Steppehttp://os.inf.tu-dresden.de/~nf2/nz_farewell/Mid latitude steppeMid latitude steppehttp://61966.rapidforum.com/topic=101082217975Worldwide arid zonesWorldwide arid zonesWorld climate mapWorld climate mapC Mild midlatitude climateC Mild mid-latitude climate•Humid•MILD WINTERMILD WINTER• Divisions:–Hot summer: dry or wet–Warm summer: dry or wety– Marine west coastal climate •unique subdivision of dry summer that extends farunique subdivision of dry summer that extends far poleward of other mild climates•Moderated by the ocean and the westerliesModerated by the ocean and the westerliesMild Humid wet all yearMild Humid wet all yearhttp://www.us-parks.com/images/everglades-national-park/plantlife-of-everglades-p-3629-m.jpgMild Dry summer climateMild, Dry summer climatehttp://usparks.about.com/od/nationalparksus/ig/santamonicaphotos/Scenery11.htmC Climate DiagramsC Climate DiagramsMarine west coastMarine west coasthttp://www.uwsp.edu/geo/faculty/ritter/geog101/textbook/climate_systems/marine_west_coast.htmlCoastal AlaskaCoastal Alaska•Northern mild climate due to incoming•Northern mild climate due to incoming moist air from ocean by westerlieshttp://thewondersofnature.com/bears/co_scenery_01.htmlWorld climate mapWorld climate mapD Severe mid latitudeD Severe mid latitude• SEVERE WINTERS•Humid continentalHumid continental – Cold winterWt–Wet summer– Hardwood forests• SubarcticNot warm in summer–Not warm in summer– Needle-leaf evergreens–‘Taiga’D Climate DiagramsD Climate DiagramsHumid continental severe winterHumid continental severe winterhttp://www.public.iastate.edu/~glh/NATREGION/FRONTIMAGES/front6.jpgMidlatitude humid continentalMidlatitude humid continentalhttp://www.uwsp.edu/geo/faculty/ritter/geog101/textbook/biogeography/biomes_midlatitude_forests_page_1.htmlMidlatitude humid continentalcontinentalhttp://www.uwsp.edu/geo/faculty/ritter/geog101/textbook/biogeography/biomes_midlatitude_forests_page_1.htmlTaigaTaigaWorld climate mapWorld climate mapE Polar climateE Polar climate• TOO COLD FOR TREES•Tundrasome month is above freezingTundrasome month is above freezing• Ice cap no months are above freezingTundraTundraE Climate DiagramsE Climate DiagramsIce cap climateIce cap climatehttp://www.uwsp.edu/geo/faculty/ritter/geog101/textbook/climate_systems/icecap.htmlWorld climate mapWorld climate mapHighlandHighland• Modified version of local climate•Cooler moisterCooler,
View Full Document
Unlocking...