ChemistryBe sure to attend lab this weekElements in Earth’s CrustMineralHalite BondingHaliteMineralsFeldsparQuartzHornblendeGraniteBohr diagramIn-Class ActivityPeriodic TableDot DiagramIon dot diagramIonic Bonds with Dot DiagramSodium Chloride structureSingle element ionsNaming compoundsChemical Formula of Ionic CompoundsCovalent BondsCovalent BondsElectro-negativityPolar moleculesGeometry of MoleculesTypical Shapes of MoleculesDipole attraction in solid and liquidDissolution of ionic substanceBe sure to attend lab this weekChemistrySupplementary Textbook MaterialChapter 17, p. 381-396Be sure to attend lab this week• Bring the lab manual• Must pass lab to pass this class• Instructors will give percent lab grade to one anotherElements in Earth’s Crust• Oxygen• Silicon• Aluminum•Iron• Calcium• Sodium• Potassium• MagnesiumMineral• Naturally occurring• Inorganic • Solid• Orderly crystalline structure• Definite chemical compositionHalite BondingHaliteMinerals• Silicates most common• Silicon—Oxygen tetrahedron• One silicon, four oxygenFeldsparQuartzHornblendeGraniteBohr diagram• Shells for row– 2 e- in first shell– Up to 8 e- in other shells• Outer shell is valence electronsIn-Class Activity1. Draw the Bohr diagram (electron shell structure) for silicon1. Draw the Bohr diagram for the chloride ion (chlorine with a full shell)1. Draw the Lewis diagram (dot diagram) for argon 1. Draw the Lewis diagram (dot diagram) for lithium1. Draw the Lewis diagram (dot diagram) for silicon1. If an atom gains an electron, it is called :Its charge is (circle) POSITIVE NEGATIVE (circle) one two three1. If an atom loses two electrons, it is called: Its charge is (circle) POSITIVE NEGATIVE (circle) one two threePeriodic TableDot Diagram• Symbol for element• Show valence electrons only• Start with one per side• Up to two per sideIon dot diagramIonic Bonds with Dot DiagramSodium Chloride structureSingle element ionsNaming compounds• Cations—element name• Anions—element name changed to end with ‘ide’Chemical Formula of Ionic Compounds• Find charges from periodic table• Use subscripts to indicate how many of each• Combine so the charges cancel to neutral– Positive plus negative is zero– “crossover charges for subscripts”Covalent BondsCovalent Bonds• Need ‘octet’ of electrons surrounding element in the ‘dot diagram’• Some bonds are multiple, stronger!Electro-negativityPolar moleculesGeometry of MoleculesTypical Shapes of MoleculesDipole attraction in solid and liquidDissolution of ionic substanceBe sure to attend lab this week• Bring the lab manual• Must pass lab to pass this class• Instructors will give percent lab grade to one
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