Lecture 15Outline of previous lectureI. Wara. Battle bunker hillb. Victoriesc. SaratogaII. Peacea. ConstitutionOutline of current lectureI. Citizenshipa. Confederationb. Articles of confederationc. The constitutiond. Preamble of the constitutioni. -RatificationII. New Nationa. Shays rebellionCurrent lectureNational citizenshipArticles of confederationApproved November 1777Ratified march 1781Issue-landThey were rather weakBack In MassachusettsPetition of slaves of the Massachusetts legislature (on ecampus)You guys wrote the Dec of independence-stick with itThe confederation1785 land surveyWest of PennsylvaniaNorth of Ohio river1787 Northwest ordinance-MN, WI, IL,ID,OH,MI (around great lakes)Officials appointed by congressNo importation of new slaves north of Ohio riverTerritorial assembliesI.e. house of burgessesBecomes big issueArticles of ConfederationArgumentsStrong, consolidatedLoose confederationCentral congressIndian affairsForeign affairsBoundary disputedPost officeWarStates have the right…Raise troopsTaxNew govt. has no authoritySovereigntyPowers not delegatedIf the national government does not have delegated powers then they don’t have them. The states keep those powersAfter the Treaty of Paris 1783British-Current day CanadaUSA-NE and west of Ohio riverSpanish Louisiana, Spanish Florida, Spanish north America -west of Mississippi riverA New, Weak NationWartime debtNo trade between English and ColoniesInflationHad to borrow money to fight the warDecrease in purchasing power of a currencyBritish troops in Northwest TerritoryAround great lakesSaid going to leave after 7 yrs war, but stayed-caused war of 1812Spain closed lower Mississippi RiverVery importantCan a large republic survivePhilosophers-Too unmanageableJames Madison argues YES“Liberty is to faction what air is to fire, an aliment without which it instantly expires”Shay’s Rebellion 1787Western Massachusetts farmers-upsetTaxesThey are in debtConstrained creditCouldn’t give loansFalling agricultural pricesShortage of food during wartimeWhen war is over-farm a lotUnresponsive governmentThe Constitution1787-“Grand” ConventionStrengthen articles of confederationBicameral congressExecutiveInstead of kingHow strong a national government?Federalists-big powerful central govt.Anti federalists-Not so fastGreat CompromiseHouse of representativesWhite population3/5 black populationProblem-few people, many slavesSenatorsNamed by state legislaturesSlaveryThe unspoken wordNo interference with slave trade before 1808Need at least 20 years to reproduce enough-did not want to get rid of slave trade yetMadison “Great as the evil is, a dismemberment of the union would be worse”TermsFederalistsStronger national governmentJohn AdamsHamiltonAnti-FederalistsIndividual libertyThomas JeffersonRight of state, farmIssueStates rightsPreamble of the ConstitutionRatificationState conventions9 states neededDelaware 1st-1787Rhode Island 13th-1790Bill of Rights 179110 at the timeFugitive Slave ClauseSection 2 Article 4-ConstitutionIssue: Separation of Church and stateAmendment 1Amendment 10HIST 105 1nd EditionLecture 15  Outline of previous lecture I. War a. Battle bunker hill b. Victoriesc. Saratogad.II. Peacea. Constitution  Outline of current lecture I. Citizenshipa. Confederationb. Articles of confederationc. The constitution d. Preamble of the constitution i. -Ratification II. New Nationa. Shays rebellion Current lecture  National citizenship- Articles of confederation o Approved November 1777These notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor’s lecture. GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes, not as a substitute.o Ratified march 1781o Issue-land  They were rather weak  Back In Massachusetts- Petition of slaves of the Massachusetts legislature (on ecampus)o You guys wrote the Dec of independence-stick with it  The confederation- 1785 land survey o West of Pennsylvaniao North of Ohio river- 1787 Northwest ordinance-MN, WI, IL,ID,OH,MI (around great lakes)o Officials appointed by congress No importation of new slaves north of Ohio river o Territorial assemblies  I.e. house of burgesses  Becomes big issue Articles of Confederation- Argumentso Strong, consolidatedo Loose confederation - Central congresso Indian affairs o Foreign affairs o Boundary disputedo Post officeo War States have the right…- Raise troops- Taxo New govt. has no authority - Sovereignty - Powers not delegated o If the national government does not have delegated powers then they don’t have them. The states keep those powers  After the Treaty of Paris 1783 - British-Current day Canada - USA-NE and west of Ohio river - Spanish Louisiana, Spanish Florida, Spanish north America -west of Mississippi riverA New, Weak Nation- Wartime debt o No trade between English and Colonies - Inflation o Had to borrow money to fight the war o Decrease in purchasing power of a currency - British troops in Northwest Territory o Around great lakeso Said going to leave after 7 yrs war, but stayed-caused war of 1812 - Spain closed lower Mississippi River o Very important  Can a large republic survive - Philosophers-Too unmanageable - James Madison argues YES o “Liberty is to faction what air is to fire, an aliment without which it instantly expires” Shay’s Rebellion 1787 - Western Massachusetts farmers-upset o Taxes o They are in debt o Constrained credit  Couldn’t give loans o Falling agricultural prices  Shortage of food during wartime  When war is over-farm a lot o Unresponsive government  The Constitution- 1787-“Grand” Convention - Strengthen articles of confederation- Bicameral congress- Executive o Instead of king- How strong a national government?o Federalists-big powerful central govt. o Anti federalists-Not so fast Great Compromise- House of representatives o White population o 3/5 black population  Problem-few people, many slaves- Senatorso Named by state legislatures Slavery - The unspoken word- No interference with slave trade before 1808 o Need at least 20 years to reproduce enough-did not want to get rid of slave trade yet o Madison “Great as the evil is, a dismemberment of the union would be worse”  Terms- Federalistso Stronger national government  John Adams  Hamilton - Anti-Federalistso Individual liberty  Thomas Jefferson  Right of state, farm - Issueo States