BIO 446L 1st Edition Lecture 31 Outline of Last Lecture I. Urinary Systema. Anatomyb. Nephroni. Corticleii. Juxtameduklaryc. Blood flow through kidneysd. nephroni. Renal corpuscleii. Glomerular filtrationiii. Proximal convoluted tubuleiv. Loop of Henlev. Distal convoluted tubulevi. Collecting tubules and ductsvii. Ureters, bladder, and urethraOutline of Current Lecture I. Urinary System contd.a. Nephron Loop of Henlei. Ascending and Descending limbThese notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor’s lecture. GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes, not as a substitute.b. Distal convoluted tubulec. Collecting tubules and ductsd. Ureters, bladder, and urethraCurrent Lecture- Urinary Systemo Nepron loop—Loop of Henle Vasa recta= straight series of capillaries in medulla that surround the loopof Henle Countercurrent exchange—allows us to concentrate urine- Ascending limbo Impermeable to water but pumps ions into the ICF and they move into medulla, gaining osmolality- Descending limbo Highly permeable to water, water moves back into cortex before reaching medullao Juxtamedullary nephrons Allow good water reabsorption when dehydrated, etc.o At hairpin in medulla, huge increase in osmolality Allows permeability changes for reabsorption- Distal convoluted tubuleo Cuboidal cellso Sparse microvillio Juxtaglomerular apparatus Macula densa senses volume and sodium changes and communicates via gap junctions regarding these levels in filtrateo If increase in glomerular filtration, afferent arterioles will constricto If decrease in glomerular filtration (decrease in blood pressure) the afferent arterioles dilate renin secretion (converts angiotensin ang I) angiotensin ang I (ACE—converts ang I to angII) ang II aldosterone release (increases Na reabsorption and water retention), ADH, vasoconstriction and thirst ACE= angiotensin converting enzyme ADH= antidiuretic hormone- Collecting tubules and ductso Principal cells= ion transport Reabsorb water via ADH by increasing aquaporins in membraneo Intercalated cells= acid-base balance Secretion of H+ or bicarbonate to adjust
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