BIO 446L 1st Edition Lecture 27 Outline of Last Lecture I. respiratory contda. respiratory bronchioles and alveolar ductsi. alveolib. alveolar and respiratory membranei. interalveolar septumii. type I and II alveolar cells1. surfactantc. blood flow to the lungsi. pulmonary circulationii. bronchial circulationd. innervation of the lungsII. Digestive Systema. Structuresb. Layers of digestive tractc. Oral cavityi. Tongue and tasted. EsophagusOutline of Current Lecture I. Digestive System contda. Stomachi. Gastric pitsb. Small intestinei. duodenumCurrent LectureDigestive System contd- stomacho same wall structures as seen beforeo connects to esophagus and cardiac sphinctero exocrine and endocrineo serosa (adventitia)—blood vessels and nerveso muscularis—addition of obliquely organized layerThese notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor’s lecture. GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes, not as a substitute. allowing churning of stomacho submucosa—lots of MALT, vessels, nerveso epithelia changes abruptly to simple columnar epitheliumo piloris—ring of smooth muscle pyloric sphincter duodenm of small intestineo mucosa (interior lining) organized in longitudinal folds called rugae increase surface area gastric pits—with gastric glands extending into lamina propia- pits are folds in epithelium tubular branched glands- the tubular branch secretes alkaline mucus to neutralize acid- mucus cells of neck secretes acidic mucus that activates enzymes that digest proteins- eosinophillic cells in upper half of glando parietal cells—secrete HCl and intrinsic factor intrinsic factor= absorption of vitamin B12 (necessary for red blood cell synthesis) lots of mitochondria—secretion of HCl microvilli form in intercanaliculi when active to increase surface area and mitochondria congregate- chief cells in lower glando basophilic, secrete pepsinogen (inactive)o goes to lumen of stomach and HCl activates pepsinogen byconverting it to pepsino also secretes gastric lipase—breaks down fat- G cells in low lower glando Enteroendocrine cells Can be closed (into blood) or open (into lumen) Secrete hormone called gastrin- Small intestineo Duodenum—wall has very long folds Circular folds= pilace circularis- Increase surface area- Folds have villi projecting from them Simple columnar epithelium Microvilli into lumen with brush border
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