Psyc4130 1nd Edition Lecture 29 Outline of Last Lecture I. Neurodegenerative DisordersII. Alzheimer’sIII. Presentation and ProgressionIV. Brain and Pathology in ADV. Plaques and TanglesVI. Beta Amyloid Plaques VII. Neurofibrillary TanglesVIII. PresenilinIX. Apolipoprotein E (ApoE)X. Aβ-Induced ToxicityXI. Standard RxOutline of Current Lecture I. Videoa. Morris Water Mazeb. HDAKc. Environmental EnrichmentII. Potential TherapiesIII. Parkinson’sIV. Therapies for Parkinson’sCurrent Lecture Video- Morris Water Mazeo Rats in murkey water try to swim to platformo Test for declarative memories in rats and mice- HDAK- Inhibitors (epigenetic)- Environmental Enrichmento Rats with lots of toys and companions (they swim straight to the platform andmuch faster)o Somehow the mice got their memories back after it being destroyed! o In video, bring back part of function/memory, maybe memories can be restored?o Loss of memories?These notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor’s lecture. GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes, not as a substitute. Potential Therapies- Recent research with AD mice has revealed that it may be possible to sensitize the immune system against Aβ.- In mice, a vaccine against Aβ halted and reversed the development of plaques!- In a 2003 study with 30 humans with AD, the __________________ successfully produced antibodies and slowed the cognitive decline in ______% of the patients. Parkinsons- Age progression- Pathologies that effect cells are more specific and focusedo Nigra striatum system (dopamine producing cells that are being lost in Parkinson’s) - Everyone would develop parkinsons disease if they lived long enough- 90-95% are PD cases are sporadic (aka non-genetic)- Toxins and pesticides - First onset/noticeable sign = hand tremor not associated with nervousness- Onset of dementia, occurs much more slowly than it does in alzheimers- Hints in brain: rare genetic cases (Typically earlier in onset and more rapid in progression) provide clues into the cytopathological processes involved in PF- Alpha-synuclein is a normal protein found in axon terminal region of DA neurons. It aids in neurotransmission- In a rare gentic form of PD, a chromosome 4 defect produces toxic gain of function- Abnormal alpha synuclein protein becomes mis-folded and forms aggregations- Affects only nigrostriatal cells- A chromosome 6 anomaly in a gene producing the protein parkin causes a toxic loss of function Therapies for Parkinsons- Dopamine - L-DOPA = goes to neurons of brain, increases biosynthesis of dopamine - Surgical interventions (figure 15.17)- schematic of basal ganglia - Stimulating electrodes in brain- regulating neural activity within a particular
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