Psyc 4130 1st Edition Lecture 26 Outline of Last Lecture I Ted Talk II Cortical Structures III Humans with Amygdala Damage IV Ventromedial PFC V PFC The Morality Factor VI vmPFC Damage in Adults VII Example Scenarios Outline of Current Lecture I Proposed Normal circuitry for Personal Moral Decision Making II But Your Honor I Have PFC Damage a hypofrontality b Serotonin c Solutions Current Lecture Proposed Normal circuitry for Personal Moral Decision Making VmPFC anterior cingulate cortex ACC o part of cingular gyrus which is part of limbic system ACC dorsolateral prefrontal cortex dlPFC dlPFC o It is proposed that the ACC enables empathy whereas the dlPFC engages working memory verifies info assesses response selection etc in an effort to implement the optimum solution Figure 11 11 moral decision and the vmPFC o Impersonal moral decision making scenario no differences o Damage to vmpfc More powerfully endorse active variety of moral decision making outcome vmPFC Houston we ve got a moral problem element of dissonance These notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor s lecture GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes not as a substitute ACC do unto others o Empathy center dlPFC well what if I do X What if I do y o last fork in road leads to final decision But Your Honor I Have PFC Damage Two young adults who suffered dramatic selective damage to PFC as infants Neither showed moral behavior o From childhood on they sole lied physically and emotionally abused others and never showed any remorse o No friends no jobs didn t care Decrease glucose utilization within the PFC in antisocial and Borderline Personality disorders Low levels of 5 HT activity in general AND within the PFC of monkeys and people who have significant deficits in controlling impulsive risky behaviors o Axis II disorders ADHD etc Hypofrontality o PFC is deficient in how its being activated Serotonin o Inhibiting impulsive behaviors o Live and Let Die 5 HIAA Levels and Rhesus Monkey Longevity Measure levels of serotonin activity Young monkeys with lowest 5 HIAA levels displayed high levels of aggression to older monkeys who outranked them picked fights that they couldn t possibly win and engaged in other perilous behaviors Of N 49 monkeys originally assessed almost half of the ones with lowest 5 HIAA levels were dead 4 years later whereas ALL monkeys with highest 5 HIAA levels were still alive Solutions o Pick your parents wisely high level of heritability component for disorders involving emotional dysregulation o Take drugs pharmacotherapies that enhance 5 HT activity have bene sjown to improve emotional regulation abilities in ppl with impaired function o Train your body exercise has been shown to enhance sero activity o Train your brain practice may not be perfect but It can only help the younger the better
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