Key Concepts/Study Points for 4130 Exam 2 Vision- Retinal Transductiono Photoreceptors and trichromatic encoding - Characteristics of Retina o Ex: Fovea, Blind Spot, etc- Pathway to V1- Characteristics of V1- Extrastriate Processing o Dorsal+ventral pwys, FFA, prosopagnosia, akinetopsiaAudition- Mechanical Relay- Cochlear Transductiono Ex: Organ of Corti characteristics - Auditory Relay Pwy- Encoding of Pitch (Place, Freq-match) - Localization - Char. of A1 and Auditory Association Cortex - Bipolar primary sensory neurons within the spiral ganglion connect hair cellswith cochlear nuclei (in rostral medulla) - Inferiror Colliculus: startle/orientation; temporal pattern recognitiono Temporal pattern recognition: drum beats, morse code, a persons speech- Superior Olvary Complex (SOC): first binaural processing, sound localization - Ventral MGN and A1 are organized “tonotopically” (ex: by responsiveness frequency)o Superior temporal gyrus - Higher order/auditory assoc. cortex (e.g. Wernicke’s area) “interprets” speecho L hemisphere: language, o R hemisphere analog interprets the emotional content of language Wernicke’s -----arcuate fasiculus- Broca’s- Gustation: pathway that begins with taste buds where you have GPCRs ---CNIX NTS Thalamus- Insular Cortex (isolated peninsula)- Olfaction: Olfactory (GPCRs) O.B. (allocortex)Break down into 2 AMYG Thal Neocortex Piriform CX HCF Neocortex Ulfactory memories are contextual and episodic- Pheromones: Nose Vomeronasal Organ (VNO) Accessory Olfactory Bulb (AOB) Hypothalamus o Pheromones are not smelling something
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