HFT2716 Study guide Exam 1 The Caribbean West Indies Mexico The Caribbean West Indies Map will be on exam West Indies islands east and south of Florida divided into four groups 1 Bahamas Turks Caicos chain of islands that stretches east and southeast of Florida 2 The Greater Antilles Cuba Cayman Islands Jamaica Hispaniola Haiti Dominican Republic and Puerto Rico 3 The Lesser Antilles many small islands from Puerto Rico to South America a Leeward Islands Virgin Islands to Dominica b Windward Islands Martinique to Grenada 4 ABC Islands Aruba Bonaire Cura ao politically these islands are part of different groups but their location near South America sets them apart The Land Only Jamaica the Cayman Islands and the ABC islands are entirely surrounded by the Caribbean sea Most islands are surrounded by both the Caribbean and the Atlantic Continental Islands islands that were once connected to a continent tend to have golden beaches examples Cuba Hispaniola Trinidad Volcanic Islands mountainous islands that were formed by volcanic eruptions beaches of black gray or golden sand examples Saba and Martinique Coral Islands low islands formed in warm waters by tiny sea animals called coral polyps water temperature greater than 65 F Beaches of pink white or golden sand examples Bahamas Turks Caicos The Climate The climate varies little from winter to summer with the exception of Bermuda that has a mild subtropical climate with seasons Bahamas are slightly colder than the other islands Hurricane Season begins in June and ends in November If traveling during this timeframe go to the ABC islands Trade winds blow steady from the east across most of the Antilles and temper the islands tropical climates The People and their History Of the original local West Indies tribes the Carib are the only that still exist on a small settlement on the island of Dominica Most island inhabitants are descendants from black Africans The islands are a patchwork of independent state dependencies and territories in political transition The islands are plagued with grinding poverty high unemployment and high crime rates Languages Spanish Dominican Republic Cuba Puerto Rico French Creole Haiti English Cayman Islands Jamaica Dutch St Maarten Papiamento ABC islands Hindi Chinese Trinidad Backgrounds British British Virgin Islands Grenada Bermuda Turks Caicos Jamaica St Kitts St Lucia Barbados Spanish Dominican Republic Puerto Rico Dutch St Barts St Maarten Saba Cura ao French St Martin Martinique Danish US Virgin Islands Bermuda most gold courses in the world per square mile Towns Hamilton capital city English architecture not known for nightlife or resorts St George the original capital more tranquil more resort style world s most northerly group of coral islands noted for its pink sand beaches gentle landscape colorful flowers distinctive architecture and romantic English atmosphere The Bahamas Officially known as the commonwealth of the Bahamas during the first century the Bahamas were a refuge for pirates New Providence cruise and resort destination 1 Nassau capital city most popular destination 2 Paradise Island Atlantis Resort 3 Cable Beach 4 Festivals Goombay Grand Bahamas Island 2nd most popular destination shopping casinos nightlife etc Out Islands 1 Bimini Big Game fishing capital of the world 2 Eleuthera upscale resorts 3 Andors largest island underdeveloped diving destination The Greater Antilles Cayman Islands the underwater capital of the world deepest part of the Caribbean sea Switzerland of the Caribbean financial and banking center tax exemptions Towns Georgetown capital city busy cruise ship port Diving Sting Ray City Seven Mile Beach center of land activity Jamaica most populous English speaking island in the Caribbean known for its beaches waterfalls rivers lush tropical foliage blue mountains Towns Kingston capital city once named Port Royal home of reggae Port Antonio surrounded by the blue mountains Ochos Rios Dunn s River Falls 75 cruise ships arrive here Montego Bay international airport Dominican Republic Eastern part of Hispaniola 4 million visitors every year 1 tourism destination in the Caribbean Towns Santo Domingo the Las Vegas of the Caribbean capital city historic center Resort Areas La Romana Punta Cana Puerto Plata most economical in the Caribbean 2nd largest Caribbean island has both the highest Pico Duarte and lowest Lake Enriquillo points in the West Indies Puerto Rico Part of the US Commonwealth Towns Highlights San Juan capital city divided into new and old town old part founded in 1521 El Yungue only rain forest in the US Rio Camuy world s largest system of caves air and cruise ship hub of the Caribbean The Lesser Antilles Leeward Islands Virgin Islands to Dominica US Virgin Islands St Thomas St Croix St John St Thomas is the most developed bought from Denmark in 1917 America s Paradise St John is the smallest and is undeveloped Virgin Islands National Park St Croix is the largest and flattest of the USVI and has an underwater marine garden British Virgin Islands old English atmosphere tax exempt tourism is 45 national income trade winds and sheltered harbors ideal sailing destination Antiqua Barbuda Antiqua is a premier sailing destination in the world Antiqua is known for its carnival Barbuda national park bird sanctuary 98 population live on Anitqua Capital city St Johns St Martin St Maarten half French half Dutch St Martin French known for schooling restaurants St Maarten Dutch known for entertainment Phillipsburg capital city St Barts belonged to Sweden luxury lodging and restaurants can be reached only by ferry or small aircraft Capita l Gustavia Saba part of the Netherland Antilles volcano island The Bottom capital city located at the bottom of a volcano crater Premier diving destination Windward Islands Martinique to Grenada Martinique French culture flagship busy cruise ship port Volcano island erupted in 1902 and nearly destroyed the island and killed 30 000 people Napoleon s wife was born here Grenada Spice Island world s leading producer of nutmeg oldest rum plant in the Caribbean beaches gardens spice shops Barbados English background prime hurricane target known for architecture plantations underground cave system diving sailing and sugarcane production high standards of living only former Caribbean colony that has never changed hands part of the triangular slave trade Towns Bridgetown capital city narrow crowded ABC Islands Aruba is the premier destination for the
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