Exam 6 Study Guide Chapters 4 5 7 9 Chapter 4 Concept and Roots of Globalization 1 What were the six roots that evolved globalization Internalization Liberalization Universalization Westernization Americanization of the world and Deterritorialization 2 What did Internalization cause the world to do Made it more international Cross boarder relations 3 What relations were created in internalization 4 What does liberalization mean Cross boarder relations It sis the removing of trade barriers i NAFTA ii EU 5 What spread the ideas and concepts all over the world 6 What impact did Westernization have on globalization Universalization Becoming Americanized To convert to the customs of Western Civilization 7 What does it mean by Americanization of the world Americanizing the economy i Food hotels etc 8 What does Deterritorialization mean Reconfiguring the territory i Boarders don t exist 1 EU 9 What are the benefits of globalization Increased spread of production Diffusion of ideas Technological improvements Growth and expansion Economy grows and expands because of globalization Large flow of goods Increased economic activity Job creation Rise of global brands Increased understanding of the world What are some criticisms of globalization Decline in the power of national governments Polarization of the world in stronger economics o Northern hemisphere more power o Negative impact in local communities Imitation of Western culture Expansion of the middle class Environmental degradation What is one of the largest multinational economic activities in the world o TOURISM Define tourism o Involves the great flow of goods services people What kind of influence did globalization have on tourism o New opportunities were given o Advanced electronic technology o Expansion of communication o More transportation o Sophisticated websites What kinds of industries formed with globalization and tourism o International alliances in airlines industries formed o Hotel cooperation franchising o Tour operators form partnerships How do tourists in the past compare to the new type of tourism o Before tourist demanded mass produced items What characteristics do modern day tourists have o More globally oriented o Depend on information technology o Desire for safety o Balance between career and family o Responsible green sustainable Define some values of tourists today o Community culture ecology education family safety security The emergency of globalized consumer culture led to what o High desire for material possessions A symbol for a good life o High levels of consumption Fat kings wealth What does cultural homogenization mean o Similar products through the world Ex McDonalization or Cocacolization o Consumer purchasing patterns become similar o MAKING CULTURES THE SAME What place can be defined as the ultimate example of a homogeneous country o The United States What does cultural heterogenization mean o Increasing emphasis on local cultural elements Ex language education religion tradition art etc What are the two theories about globalization o 1 Globalization is making the planet smaller and cultures are converging o 2 The flow of goods assets and knowledge are directed toward main center of capital What does cultural hybirdization o Incorporation of cultural elements from a variety of sources within particular cultural practices Combination of two identities Scandinavians Tex Mex CANADA AND QUEBEC What does cultural commoditization mean o The culture is transformed into a new form in order to sell IT Selling arts and crafter from that culture Cultural artifacts What does it mean to have a cultural deterioration loss adaption or change o Increasing contact between people o Communities change their local values o Authentic elements disappear What does consumerism do for tourism o It creates a high demand for cultural preservation What does cultural hostility mean o A form of cultural rejection or denial often associated with anger and aggression Refuse to accept others view of the world Black or White What is a global consumer o Wants technology o Wants to travel internationally o Want GLOBAL PRODUCTS What is cultural arrogance o They refuse to accept other s views of the world What was the renaissance of traditional art forms o Rejuvenation of arts and crafts When does culture change occur o It occurs as a result of evolutionary changes within society the way people live and contact between societies What are the five areas of cultural diffusion o Ideas o Styles o Food o Religion o Technologies Define cultural borrowing o When two cultures come in contact and borrow each other s traditions customs and values What does cultural drift mean o A temporary and random cultural change language What is it called when individuals from different cultures come into contact o Acculturation Define cultural adaption o Adaption of elements of other cultures What are the four different stages tourists go through during cultural adjustment o Honeymoon stage you love where you are o Hostility stage I can t wait to get home questioning o Integration you know there s no why out so you integrate yourself in to the culture o Home stage Now you like where you are again and you don t want to go home What is cultural assimilation o Replacement of one set of cultural traits by another What is enculturation o Learning what is contained in a culture CHAPTER 5 Definition of culture o Human environment o Way of life o Behavior o Rules of social life Different everywhere you go How are regions characterized by different cultures o Social contact o Colonization o Trade o Migration o Religion o Mass Media o RELIGION o Christianity o 20 Homogenizing a language What is the principal foundation of culture What religion is 33 of the world s population Islam makes up what percent of the world s major religions 6 of the world s population is what o Chinese Folk Religion Buddhism o 5 6 Why was religion impacted severely between 1948 1949 o Communist revolution in China What religions are in Africa o Christian Islamic Asia o Buddhism and Hinduism North America o 80 Christian South America o 90 Christian Australia o 2 3 of population is Christian Europe o Mostly Christian o Catholicism o Protestant Types of levels of Culture Culture is made up of what universal Universal o All nationalities Civilization What are the 5 remaining civilizations years o 12 o Japan o China o India o Islamic nations o Western What does ethnic mean o Pertains to religion
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